Influence of cyanide and sulphide ions on the reduction and reoxidation of cobalt(II) in thiocyanate solution at mercury electrodes

Abstract

The process of reduction and reoxidation of cobalt(II) in thiocyanate solution at hanging mercury drop electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetric, chronoamperometric and anodic stripping methods. In 0.1 M NaSCN and 0.4 M NaClO 4 solution containing 1×10 −3 M cobalt(II), the voltammogram on the first cycle at 0.05 V s −1 gives a cathodic peak at −1.06 V with hysteresis on reversal, and an anodic wave with a peak potential of −0.28 V and with two shoulders near −0.38 and −0.45 V, respectively. Multicyclic voltammograms under the same conditions give a cathodic peak at −0.90 V and an anodic peak at −0.45 V. The reduction and reoxidation of cobalt(II) in thiocyanate solution is accelerated by the reduction products of thiocyanate ion, cyanide and sulphide ions, which are produced during the electroreduction of cobalt(II). A mechanism of reduction and reoxidation of cobalt(II) which involves a chemical reduction of thiocyanate ion by electroreduced metallic cobalt and takes into account cyanide and sulphide ions is proposed. The hysteresis on the cathodic wave is caused by the difference in reduction potentials of cobalt(II)-thiocyanate and-cyanide complexes. Cyclic voltammetric study of cobalt(II) in perchlorate solution containing trace amounts of cyanide and sulphide ions supports these conclusions.