Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) measures of bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) were reportedly altered by adding 6 kg of lard to the extremities of subjects. Further, clothing has been shown to affect body fat measurements obtained by both air displacement plethysmography and hydrodensitometry. This investigation sought to determine if wearing loose-fitting clothes (LFC) or tight-fitting clothes (TFC) affects DXA measures of BMD, BMD and body composition. METHODS Thirty-five females underwent two DXA scans (Lunar DPX-L) while wearing; 1) a hospital gown(LFC), and 2) full-body Danskins tights (TFC) affects DXA measures of bone mineral content, density and body composition. RESULTS Wearing TFC resulted in significantly higher values for BMC (TFC = 2.62±0.35kg; LFC = 2.6±0.33kg, P = 0.017) and BMD (TFC = 1.21±0.068g/cm2; LFC = 1.206±0.066g/cm2, P = 0.015). However, clothing did not affect measurments of %body fatness (TFC = 29.1 ±8.7%; LFC = 29.2±8.3%, P = 0.69), fat weight (TFC = 17.8±7.6kg; LFC = 18.1±7.5kg, P = 0.18) or lean body mass (TFC = 39.5±4.5kg; LFC = 39.6 4.7kg, P = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that clothing affects DXA measurements of BMC and BMD, but not body fatness or LBM. While the magnitude of difference in BMC and BMD measures was very small between the two conditions, it does raise questions and concerns regarding the use DXA to clinically assess both bone mineral health and the efficacy of treatments to increase BMC and BMD. These concerns are further enforced by recent studies that have demonstrated considerable discrepancies between volumetric measures of BMD (g/cm3) obtained via CT scans and the planar measures (g/cm2) provided by DXA. While clothing does not affect DXA measures of body fatness and lean body mass, these results raise questions regarding the appropriateness of using DXA measurements of BMC and BMD to clinically assess bone mineral health.
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