Abstract
In last two decades it is obvious that mammalian somatic cells, and according to our investigation oocytes, deliver paracrine substances in microenvironment, which save them from pathogens. At the same time, many investigations have been done, among others and ours, about influence of different micro-organisms, elements and compounds, organic or inorganic, on in vitro maturation of oocytes (model system for in vivo meiotic maturation). Reciprocal impact between micro-organisms and oocytes as well as different substances and oocytes are obvious, although biochemical and molecular biological mechanisms of these influences is complex and not enough investigated. Therefore, many questions about oocytes and IVM are in front of scientists.
Highlights
Connections between reproduction, natural sciences and applied sciences Nowadays in many laboratories the subject of investigations is reproduction
Microbiology Microbiology of reproductive tract is nowadays in focus of investigation, because oocytes and spermatozoids have to be good protected from pathogens that offspring during development is protected from infections, (Eckert et al, 1995).In our investigation, (Smiljakovic et al not published data), is found bactericide and/or bacteriostatic feature of porcine oocytes and found in literature that some others laboratories examined the same subject, (Han, 2008)
We investigated signal pathway of MAP-kinase and kinase Akt (Protein kinase B), as well as cyclines which are important for meiotic division, in vitro during in vitro matured (IVM) of oocytes
Summary
Connections between reproduction, natural sciences and applied sciences Nowadays in many laboratories the subject of investigations is reproduction. IVP includes in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and the development of the fertilised oocyte to the blastocyste stage Each of these developmental steps has to be completed successfully, to obtain transferable embryos and healthy offspring. Abiotic are for example temperature, pH value, pressure and osmotic pressure, inorganic substances in medium, and biotic are organic substances in medium, hormones, activators, inhibitors of IVM, antibiotics, antimycotics, microbiological, immunological, genetic, cytological, biochemical (signal transduction), and from new fields and aspects of biology genomic, proteomic, interactomic, glycomic, lipidomic, et cetera. These effects are observed by new science bioinformatics. The study of (Xu et al, 2009) demonstrated that mammalian preantral follicles, either within ovarian tissues or individually isolated, could be successfully cryopreserved by the slow-freezing method, as evidence by post-thaw follicle development and steroid genesis and oocyte maturation
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