Abstract
A.C. voltage tests carried out on various air gaps prove that breakdown parameters vary with test procedure. These variations can be taken into account by using a model, in which A.C. voltage is considered, from a breakdown probability point of view, as a succession of independent cycles. Moreover, switching impulse tests show that one positive half-cycle of A.C. voltage is equivalent to a switching impulse of 3300 Ps time to crest. On the basis, then, of switching impulse breakdown characteristics of air gaps, the model gives a good evaluation of the breakdown parameters for any A.C. voltage test procedure.
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