Inferior Vena Cava Collapsibility Index: A Precise, Noninvasive Tool for Evaluation of Edema in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate available volume status assessment tools in nephrotic syndrome (NS). Sixty children with INS were subdivided into hypovolemic and nonhypovolemic groups based on fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa%); all were studied for inferior vena cava collapsibility index (IVCCI), plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and body composition monitor (BCM). Forty-four patients had nonhypovolemic and 16 had hypovolemic states. ANP did not differ between both groups. IVCCI was higher in hypovolemic group (p < 0.001) with sensitivity 87.5% and specificity 81.8% for hypovolemia detection, while BCM overhydration (BCM-OH) values were higher in nonhypovolemic group (p = 0.04) with sensitivity = 68.2% and specificity = 75% for detection of hypervolemia. FeNa% showed negative correlation with IVCCI (r = −0.578, p < 0.001) and positive correlation with BCM-OH (r = 0.33, p = 0.018), while FeNa% showed nonsignificant correlation to ANP concentration. IVCCI is a reliable tool for evaluating volume status in NS and is superior to BCM.