Abstract
The Ancient Greeks, since the sophists' texts represented threats to legitimate reasoning anchored in the notion of truth, tried to examine the relationship among valid, informal and fallacious arguments. Aristotle distinguished mainly formal ways of abstractions from the daily practical uses, addressing the relationships between the logical forms and the interferences of content. This paper, motivated by this script of insights, investigates problems concerning logical operators, relations of sense, probability, entailment and their properties in natural language, constituted as inferences in the logical-cognitive-communicative interface. For that, foundations of classical-propositional-logic are brought closer together with the ones from semantics, pragmatics and an inspiring notion of relevance.
Highlights
The Ancient Greeks, since the sophists’ texts represented threats to legitimate reasoning anchored in the notion of truth, tried to examine the relationship among valid, informal and fallacious arguments
Since Aristotle (1938) made the distinction between demonstrative and dialectic arguments, an investigation script has been opened concerning the interface between logic and natural language
One can guarantee the proposal‘s interdisciplinarity, for it is possible to reconcile the basics from deductive logic with the descriptions of natural meaning inherent to Semantics and Pragmatics
Summary
Since Aristotle (1938) made the distinction between demonstrative (apodeíxeis) and dialectic arguments, an investigation script has been opened concerning the interface between logic and natural language. The argument seems logically valid by the negation of the consequent, even though its conclusion seems inconsistent This text examines properties of daily language within the perspective of the logical-cognitive-communicative interface, especially the complex relationships that involve formal inferences, semantic inferences and pragmatic inferences. One can guarantee the proposal‘s interdisciplinarity, for it is possible to reconcile the basics from deductive logic with the descriptions of natural meaning inherent to Semantics and Pragmatics Such interdisciplinary property of inference can be illustrated in the following way: a) In Classical Logic, there is a formal inference, in which a process of the type P Q is assumed, P Q, assuming the importance of form in warranting or not the validity of the arguments. The definition by means of the exclusive disjunction would be more informative, more precise, simpler, and, more relevant
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