Abstract
Higher education confers numerous benefits both to the individual and to society, including higher earnings, lower rates of unemployment and government dependency, an increased tax base, and greater civic engagement. Access to higher education remains a challenge for many families. The emergence of Industry 4.0 will not only affect technological changes but also people in the labour market. As such, higher education institutions with academic responsibilities of formally training students to better adapt to such changes are not left out. Since the introduction of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) in the United States of America in 1908 and over one hundred years of history, this prestigious programme has suffered a rapid decline in enrolments worldwide. Thus, it has gradually lost its value under the current industrial revolution. This paper evaluates and prioritizes barriers affecting the decline in international MBA enrolments. Understanding the key barriers to MBA enrolments regarding the dynamics will contribute to the successful implementation of those barriers. With scarce information, this study innovatively applies the grey incidence analysis (GIA) method to prioritizing the identified barriers. When applied, this method provided a robust prediction of results. For international MBA enrolments decline, the barrier “employment difficulties” (H3) should receive much attention from policymakers because it scored the highest among the barriers ranked. Further, other important barriers that should be considered are “lack of entrepreneurship skills” (H11), “high cost” (H10), “longer payback duration” (H1), “10 yr. ROI” (H9), and “lack of data analytic skills” (H7). Therefore, during the formulation and implementation of policy to address these prioritized barriers, scarce resources must be committed to them. This paper also contributes to the literature a first-hand, formal study on the prioritization of barriers to international MBA enrolments.
Highlights
Research has shown that the inception of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), which is characterized by the internet of things (IoT), internet of service, cyber-physical systems, big data, smart systems and analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and robotics and cloud manufacturing, has had an unprecedented global impact across all industries [1]
This paper identifies the barriers to Master of Business Administration (MBA) international enrolment and adopts the grey incidence analysis (GIA) method as the most suitable and robust method to prioritize these barriers for strategic decision-making
Questionnaires were developed as a tool to solicit primary data, to identify the barriers suspected to have an impact on the recent MBA enrolment trends
Summary
Research has shown that the inception of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0), which is characterized by the internet of things (IoT), internet of service, cyber-physical systems, big data, smart systems and analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and robotics and cloud manufacturing, has had an unprecedented global impact across all industries [1]. A. INDUSTRY 4.0 Industry 4.0 relates to various contemporary concepts, including IoT, big data, smart factories, interconnected supply chains, corporate social responsibility, and human needs adaptation, among others [14]. INDUSTRY 4.0 Industry 4.0 relates to various contemporary concepts, including IoT, big data, smart factories, interconnected supply chains, corporate social responsibility, and human needs adaptation, among others [14] It concerns businesses using automation and data exchange in the manufacturing of service processes and technologies, such as cloud computing and the IoT. Introducing the teaching factory concept will improve Industry 4.0’s growth and development [18]
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