Abstract

The effect of set on the acquisition of conservation was investigated in 2 studies. In the first, kindergarten children who could respond to addition/ substraction (A/S) changes but lacking conservation were divided into 3 groups: addition/substraction-set training, perceptual-set training, and a notraining control group. The effect of these training conditions was measured on conflict trials, where changes in length opposed changes in number, and on subsequent conservation tests. Most of the subjects who received the A/Sset training responded to the A/S manipulation during the conflict trials, and a majority subsequently showed some conservation. The subjects in the other groups generally responded to the length alteration during both conflict and conservation trials. In the second study, the effect of A/S training with and without subsequent conflict trials was measured on conservation tests. Only a slight, nonsignificant difference in favor of the group receiving the conflict trials was noted. These results cast doubt on conflict-resolution interpretations of the acquisition of conservation, such as Smedslund's.

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