Abstract
Temporary housing must be developed to support the long-term residence needs of disaster victims. The present study assesses a temporary housing unit, the so-called Mobile Energy Shelter House (MeSH), incorporating the “Korean Dwelling Insulation Standard” in order to reduce energy usage for cooling and heating. To assess energy performance, the characteristics of the indoor thermal environment were measured during the winter and summer seasons. In summer, at maximum insolation, the outdoor temperature was 37.6 °C and the indoor temperature of the MeSH ranged from 18 to 24 °C when the cooling system was not used. Conversely, during winter, the average outdoor temperature was −11.3 °C and the indoor temperature ranged from 16.09 to 20.63 °C when a temperature-controlled floor-heating was installed. Furthermore, the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) was adopted to determine whether the ISO 7730 comfort criterion (i.e., PMV range from −0.5 to +0.5) was achieved. Based on the calculations presented here, PMV in summer ranged from −1.21 to +1.07 and that in winter ranged from −0.08 to −0.85, suggesting that the thermal environment is not always comfortable for occupants in either summer or winter. Nevertheless, the ISO comfort criterion can be achieved through varying air velocity in summer and changing clothing characteristics in winter. A comparison between yearly energy demand of existing characteristic temporary housing (Shelter House) and the MeSH modules used in this study was performed. The simulation results show a 60% difference in energy demand between MeSH and existing temporary housing shelter houses.
Highlights
Extensive research has been conducted on issues related to post-disaster temporary housing [1,2,3,4,5].The number of natural disasters has increased markedly in recent decades [6], having a considerable impact on the built environment
This study presents a plan for a temporary house, termed the Mobile Energy Shelter House; MeSH [18,19]
The indoor temperature is 22.9 °C and it corresponds to the thermal comfort zone
Summary
Extensive research has been conducted on issues related to post-disaster temporary housing [1,2,3,4,5]. Post-disaster scenarios include a range of factors that might result in inadequate solutions, mainly due to the need for rapid and large-scale action under chaotic conditions [10], and previous studies have presented many problems related to post-disaster housing [15]. Shelter houses were required for displaced residents, and 1510 temporary housing units were provided by the national government [7]. These temporary houses were commercial container boxes, which are unsuitable. Eight years after the typhoon, 33 housing units were destroyed during the bombardment of Yeonpyeong Island in 2010, and temporary houses were donated by a non-governmental association known as “Hope Bridge”. We synthesized performance, measured temperature and PMV, and investigated the viability of this type of temporary housing [20]
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