Abstract
Background and objectivesAccumulating evidences suggest that chronic systemic inflammation (CSI) is independently associated with large number of major non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) ranging from metabolic disorders to cancers, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been accepted as a novel, convenient marker for CSI response. Testosterone deficiency in men is linked to high risk of NCDs. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the individual and joint association of bioavailable testosterone (BIOT) and aging with NLR.MethodsA total of 132 male adults were enrolled during Jan. 2011 and Oct. 2017 in the first affiliated hospital of University of Science and Technology of China. Local weighted regression (LOESS) and multivariable generalized linear regression models were utilized to comprehensively examine the individual and joint association between BIOT and age with NLR.ResultsObvious linear relationships between NLR and BIOT or age were observed with the LOESS models. NLR was negatively correlated to BIOT after adjusting for some potential confounding factors (P = 0.034). As compared to the lowest quartile of BIOT, the adjusted decrease of NLR for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartiles were 0.40, 0.64 and 0.72, respectively. Meanwhile, NLR was observed to be independently correlated to elevated age (P = 0.043). Furthermore, as compared to the counterparts, men over 70 years combined with plasma BIOT less than 4.7 nmol/L had the highest NLR level, which suggested that low BIOT and aging jointly correlated to the level of NLR (P = 0.005).ConclusionBIOT deficiency and aging were individually and jointly correlated to CSI. Men over 70 years combined with BIOT < 4.7 nmol/L were more like to have higher grade of CSI than others.
Highlights
Chronic systemic inflammation (CSI) has gained major attention in the past several decades and been widely accepted as a major contributor to large number of diseases ranging from metabolic disorders to cancers [1, 2]
As compared to their counterparts, male people with lower bioavailable testosterone (BIOT) (< 4.7 nmol/L) tended to be older, higher level of HbA1c, H2PG, SHBP and the urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UA/Cr). They were more likely to have lower concentration of TG, lymphocyte number, ALB as well as uric acid (UA), which indicated that age, HbA1c, H2PG, SHBP, UA/Cr, TG, lymphocyte, ALB and UA might be significantly associated with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
In a randomized placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of testosterone replacement with 250 mg/2 weeks for 24 weeks on insulin resistance in men with T2DM and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism [33], insulin sensitivity was significantly improved in testosterone treatment group, while the concentration of inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1β, and TNF-α were obviously decreased as compared to the placebo group (P < 0.05)
Summary
Chronic systemic inflammation (CSI) has gained major attention in the past several decades and been widely accepted as a major contributor to large number of diseases ranging from metabolic disorders to cancers [1, 2]. It is reported to be associated with aging, obesity, disorder of lipid metabolism, poor cognition in children and a lot of major chronic, progressive and preventable diseases including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), cancers and others [7,8,9,10,11]. Since these major non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) can be managed upon early diagnosis, it enhances the necessity for a comprehensive approach in identifying the onset of CSI and related functional impairments in time. Men over 70 years combined with BIOT < 4.7 nmol/L were more like to have higher grade of CSI than others
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