Indigenous and non-indigenous entrepreneurs: the significance of business and social contexts

Abstract

This paper reports on the under–researched topic of indigenous and non–indigenous entrepreneurs in the UK in both rural and urban regions; referred to by Bjerke and Hultman (2013, p.65) in this context as a narrow view of entrepreneurship. This research provides insights into how both rural and urban socioeconomic environments influence the emergence of specific types of entrepreneur. Findings indicate that incoming rural entrepreneurs are lifestyle entrepreneurs while second generation urban ethnic entrepreneurs resist ethnic enclave economies. Issues identified include: lifestyle choices; impact of social and cultural influences; access to business support; use of networks and, a focus on customer relationships. Research implications include identification of differences between indigenous and non–indigenous entrepreneurs which indicate a requirement for bespoke business support that can adapt to the needs of nascent entrepreneurs in different environments.