Abstract
European Union has seen a rapid increase in renewable energy sources during the last decade. The variability and uncertainty caused by the increased penetrations of renewable generation must be properly considered in day-ahead unit commitment to retain the stable operation of conventional power plants. In this work, we present an enhanced method to determine the hosting capacity of photovoltaic energy in an autonomous grid. Based on optimal unit commitment schedules derived from priority list-schemes, we examine the potential of increasing the hosting capacity performing annual simulations for different scenarios in the presence of electricity storage. According to the obtained results, the application of storage eliminates the reliability expenses of load shedding and spinning reserve deficits. Hence, the actual hosting capacity is appropriately retrieved based on the renewable generation curtailment during each case study. However, sustainable solutions are achieved at higher penetration levels, reaching a near of 20% with respect to photovoltaic systems. The proposed solution could be efficiently utilized to determine the photovoltaic hosting capacity of microgrids in islanded or interconnected mode.
Highlights
Electrical energy is crucial for the development, progress, and overall lifestyle in the global economy
Instead of extracting the order based on conventional priority-based approaches which rely on single-factor reordering, we propose an enhanced priority list that can be obtained based on the following model
We provided the optimal unit commitment schedules and we defined the appropriate electricity storage size to evaluate the PV hosting capacity utilizing the advances of enhanced priority-list schemes
Summary
Electrical energy is crucial for the development, progress, and overall lifestyle in the global economy. The depletion of fossil-fuel reserves, global warming and associated extreme weather conditions have motivated European Union (EU) to expand the share of intermittent renewable energy sources (RES) for electricity production This eventually transformed power grids into active complex systems with bidirectional flows that increase the uncertainty at both generation, transmission, and distribution sections. In contrast to conventional systems that can be carefully timed to be dispatched and contribute to generation, renewable sources are strictly correlated to imperfectly predictable and uncontrollable weather conditions In this regard, unit commitment becomes one of the highest priority optimization problem by which the adequacy of a power system can be evaluated and planned-ahead to offer a large profitable return [8].
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