Increasing number of fibroblast, capillary and collagen amount in rat’s achilles tendon with diabetic mellitus after application of stromal vascular fraction derived from adipose tissue

Abstract

In diabetes Mellitus, Achilles tendon revealed disorganized tendon fibers in 89% patients and calcification 76% patient. For this reason, diabetics patient prone to have tendon rupture. Stromal vascular fraction derived from adipose tissue contains adipose tissue-derived stem cells, which can differentiate into adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteoblast, myocyte, cardiomyocyte, and hepatocyte in vitro and also contains endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericyte, fibroblast, mast cells, and pre-adipocyte cells. The stromal vascular fraction can be alternative treatment as a source of progenitor cells on tendon healing in the diabetic patient. Eighteen adult male rat (Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar), 150-200 mg weight were divided into 3 groups. The other five rats were used as donors of adipose tissue. Group 1 was normoglycemia, group 2 diabetes Mellitus and group 3 diabetes Mellitus injected with the stromal vascular fraction. Each rat was performed Achilles tenotomy, tendon repair and immobilized with a cast for two weeks. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the second week and tendons underwent a histological evaluation to measure fibroblast and capiler. Amount of collagen measured with a colorimeter. Stromal vascular fraction increased the number of fibroblast, angiogenesis and amount of collagen in rat achilles tendon with diabetes significantly compared to group 1 normoglycemia and group 2 diabetes mellitus (p<0,05). The stromal vascular fraction from adipose tissue increased the number of fibroblast, angiogenesis and the amount of collagen in rat’s achilles tendon with diabetic mellitus. Thus, stromal vascular fraction improved healing on tendon rupture in diabetes mellitus.