Increased soluble E-Selectin is associated with lung inflammation, and lung injury in hyperoxia-exposed rats

Abstract

The pulmonary damage caused by prolonged exposure to high oxygen concentrations is accompanied by lung inflammation, which may contribute to the expression of hyperoxic lung injury. In turn, adhesion molecules are crucial for initiating inflammatory responses. The goal of the present study was to investigate the association of contents of soluble adhesion molecules in plasma or alveolar fluids of hyperoxic rats with lung expression of adhesion molecules, lung inflammation and lung injury. We exposed adult Sprague-Dawley rats to > 95% oxygen for up to 60 h and measured the contents of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-Selectin in plasma and lung tissue expression of the same molecules, and we assessed lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and lung water contents as indices of lung inflammation and injury, respectively. We also assessed ICAM-1 content in lavage samples, because ICAM-1 may be shed from the alveolar epithelium. Lung water was elevated at 60 h of hyperoxia-exposure, and this effect was preceded by increases in lung MPO activities. Lung ICAM-1 expression was more than doubled at 48 h, although soluble ICAM-1 contents were not elevated in plasma or lavage. Soluble E-Selectin was increased by more than 50% at 24 h of hyperoxia-exposure, while lung expressions of E-Selectin were not increased until 48 h. The sequence of the events observed in the present studies suggests that E-Selectin contributes to lung inflammation in hyperoxia and the acceleration of lung injury immediately following the inflammatory response suggests a pivotal role for inflammation in this injury.