Abstract

• The oropharyngeal colonization by<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) and its duration were studied in 89 house staff officers, with biweekly quantitative cultures for 11 months. Eighty-two episodes of upper respiratory tract infection were documented during the study period. The oropharyngeal colonization during illness-free periods ranged from 12% to 18% for GNB and from 5% to 14% for<i>S aureus</i>. During an episode of upper respiratory tract infection, the oropharyngeal colonization of GNB increased to 60%;<i>S aureus</i>colonization increased to 43%. The colonization with both GNB and<i>S aureus</i>was transient and lasted for approximately two weeks. The increased colonization by<i>S aureus</i>and GNB during a viral respiratory tract infection may be a factor contributing to the increased risk of pneumonia in patients with this condition. (<i>Arch Intern Med</i>1981;141:1599-1603)

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