Abstract
The success of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors in room-temperature spectroscopic X-ray imaging is now widely accepted. The most common CZT detectors are characterized by enhanced-charge transport properties of electrons, with mobility-lifetime products μeτe > 10−2 cm2/V and μhτh > 10−5 cm2/V. These materials, typically termed low-flux LF-CZT, are successfully used for thick electron-sensing detectors and in low-flux conditions. Recently, new CZT materials with hole mobility-lifetime product enhancements (μhτh > 10−4 cm2/V and μeτe > 10−3 cm2/V) have been fabricated for high-flux measurements (high-flux HF-CZT detectors). In this work, we will present the performance and charge-sharing properties of sub-millimeter CZT pixel detectors based on LF-CZT and HF-CZT crystals. Experimental results from the measurement of energy spectra after charge-sharing addition (CSA) and from 2D X-ray mapping highlight the better charge-collection properties of HF-CZT detectors near the inter-pixel gaps. The successful mitigation of the effects of incomplete charge collection after CSA was also performed through original charge-sharing correction techniques. These activities exist in the framework of international collaboration on the development of energy-resolved X-ray scanners for medical applications and non-destructive testing in the food industry.
Highlights
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutralNowadays, cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) detectors have reached an excellent maturity level in room-temperature X-ray and gamma-ray detection, from photon energies of a few keV up to 1 MeV [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]
We investigated the effects of charge losses near the inter-pixel gap in cently produced by Technologies company (Canada), for both low(LF-CZT
All arrays are surrounded by a guard-ring electrode up to the edge up to th of the crystal. (b) The cathode electrode covers the surface of the CZT crystals
Summary
Cadmium zinc telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) detectors have reached an excellent maturity level in room-temperature X-ray and gamma-ray detection, from photon energies of a few keV up to 1 MeV [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11]. Technologies, Canada; Kromek, UK) were able to fabricate high-μe τ e CZT crystals with detectors (>5 mm), where the particular electron-sensing design CSA often pr potential of charge-sharing addition (CSA) techniques in reducing the charge-sharing full energy recovery in the energy spectra [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40] These effects, due to the prese effects, the presence of incomplete charge collection in the summed energy after CSA lossesrecovery at the inter-pixel gaps,spectra are strictly related to the physical properties often prevents charge full energy in the energy. In this(crystals work, we investigated the effects charge losses near inter-pixel properties of the detectors and electrical contacts) nearofthe gaps between thethe pixels. Detectors characterized by the same crystal dimensions, electrical layout, bias voltage operation, and readout electronics
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