Abstract
BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals are prone to opportunistic infections (OIs) due to HIV mediated immune suppression. When opportunistic infections occur in the form of relapse or reinfection, it is said to be reoccurrence. This study was aimed to assess Incidence and predictors of reoccurrence of opportunistic infections among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending ART clinics in Arba Minch Town, Southern EthiopiaMethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted on 450 HIV/AIDS patients attending anti-retro viral therapy (ART) clinics in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia. Simple random sampling technique was used. Kaplan-Meier graph and log rank test were used for group wise comparison. Bivariate and multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard Regression model were used to identify independent predictors of reoccurrence of opportunistic infection.ResultOne hundred nineteen HIV/AIDS patient had reoccurrence of opportunistic infection. The incidence rate was 11.5 per 1000 person months. The mean time of reoccurrence was 56 months. One of the most reoccurred OIs was pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Predictors that were associated significantly were recent cell differentiation 4 (CD4) count, recent body mass index (BMI), recent functional status, and duration on anti-retroviral therapy (ART).ConclusionThough the incidence rate of OIs decreased from previous findings, attention should be given to HIV patients with low CD4 count, low BMI and for those bedridden patients.
Highlights
Having claimed more than 32 million lives so far, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major global public health issue
This study was aimed to assess Incidence and predictors of reoccurrence of opportunistic infections among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending anti-retroviral therapy (ART) clinics in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia
This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 450 HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients attending antiretro viral therapy (ART) clinics in Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia
Summary
Having claimed more than 32 million lives so far, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to be a major global public health issue. Human immunodeficiency virus positive individuals are prone to opportunistic infections (OIs) due to HIV mediated immune suppression [4]. When these opportunistic infections occur in the form of either reinfection or relapse, it is said to be reoccurrence [5]. The rate of reoccurrence is higher in HIV positive individuals This reoccurrence characterized by the development of drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis, which makes caring for HIV patient with TB more difficult. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals are prone to opportunistic infections (OIs) due to HIV mediated immune suppression. This study was aimed to assess Incidence and predictors of reoccurrence of opportunistic infections among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending ART clinics in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia
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