In-vitro Isolation of Serratia marcescens and Computational Analysis of Lipase–Chitinase as a Hybrid Enzyme for the Degradation of Fungicides to Sustain the Ecosystem

Abstract

The application of fungicides for commercial purposes has grown in response to increased food demand and shifting disease patterns. However, there is a scarcity of studies demonstrating their proper degradation. Due to the expanding global population, there is a heightened need for more agriculture to fulfill the growing demand for food, and this necessitates safeguarding crops from pests and diseases. Disease outbreaks in crops can result in the loss of food and the depletion of valuable resources. According to the European Union, organic fungicides constitute 60% of all fungicide sales, while synthetic fungicides make up the remaining 40% of pesticide sales. Fungicide usage is indispensable but needs to be considered within the context of potential environmental risks. Nonetheless, there is a pressing need to break down fungicides to preserve the natural environment. Our research is centered on hybrid enzymes derived from [Formula: see text] marcescens, which exhibit the capability to degrade fungicides. We employed computational techniques to assess the enzymes’ effectiveness in breaking down fungicides. S. marcescens was isolated from soil and identified through 16s rRNA analysis. Chitanase and lipase, enzymes identified in S. marcescens, can individually break down fungicides, as confirmed by auto-dock vina docking simulations. Notably, the combined action of these two enzymes surpasses the performance of individual docking, a result also corroborated by auto-dock vina. To further establish the efficacy and degradability of this approach, computational techniques were employed. In the future, it may be possible to create an in vitro antifungal agent, which could be categorized as a bioactive agent.