Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to access the anticancer activity of the biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles against Huh7 liver cancer cell lines.
 Methods: The study was carried in vitro using Huh7 cell lines. The ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Luffa acutangula peel extract and subjected to characterization by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The Huh7 cell lines were treated with ZnO NPs and done 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. For live and dead assay, the cell lines treated with ZnO NPs were subjected to acridine orange/ethidium (AO/ET) bromide assay.
 Results: The ZnO NPs synthesized show spherical structure with 10–20 nm size. The 50% of Huh7 proliferation were inhibited at the concentration (IC50) of 40 μg/ml. The AO/ET assay shows compact nucleus and fine cytoplasmic morphology in control cells and apoptotic stage in treated cells
 Conclusion: This study suggests that ZnO NPs can be prepared in environment-friendly method using aqueous extract of L. acutangula and can be used in cancer treatment effectively.
Highlights
The most important and distinct property of nanoparticles is that they exhibit larger surface area to volume ratio
X-ray diffraction studies The synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were subjected to X-ray diffraction studies and X-ray diffraction pattern was obtained (Fig. 1)
The present study reveals that the eco-friendly synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using aqueous extract of L. acutangula peel is cost effective and simple method
Summary
The most important and distinct property of nanoparticles is that they exhibit larger surface area to volume ratio. The biological synthesis of nanoparticles less time and technology, cost effective and causes no health hazards when compared to physical and chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles [2]. They are efficacious as they are done in single-pot reactions, without the need for additional surfactants and capping agents [3]. The use of chemotherapy to treat the cancer patients has its limitation due to its low specificity and restriction toward its dosage level To overcome these limitations, an alternate way of therapies and drugs is essential to treat the cancer. The current study was aimed to investigate the antiproliferative effect of ZnO NPs synthesized using Luffa acutangula peel extract
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