Abstract
The drug of choice for treating breast and ovarian cancers is usually paclitaxel. This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of a self-assembled nanoemulsion (SANE) of paclitaxel (NFP) on human breast (MCF-7) and ovarian (OVCAR-3) cancer cell lines. Cells were treated with various doses (1.2 nM-1200 nM of paclitaxel) as the NFP or suspended in DMSO (PSD). While both significantly inhibited cell proliferation of MCF-7 at doses >40 nM, at 12 nM the NFP significantly inhibited cell proliferation (-57%; p 12 nM for both significantly inhibited cell proliferation, but at 4 nM, the NFP significantly inhibited cell proliferation (-60%; p < 0.05) greater than the PSD (-23%). These results demonstrate that the effect of NFP on the cell proliferation of MCF-7 and OVCAR-3 cells are significantly greater at a lower dose than the PSD and that the NFP exhibited similar mode of action by induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as the PSD. Therefore a SANE formulation of Paclitaxel has the potential to be a promising delivery system for anti-cancer drugs.
Highlights
Among cancer in women, breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed [1,2,3]
Since the stock formulations of the nanoemulsion (SANE) of paclitaxel (NFP) and PSD were diluted with cell culture media with the cells; particle sizes, zeta potentials, and polydiversity index (PDI) were not measured for each of the doses of NFP and PSD
We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of a self-assembled nanoemulsion formulation (NFP) of paclitaxel having a particle size of 20 nm and zeta potential of 1 mV on a human breast cancer, MCF7, and a human ovarian cancer, OVCAR-3, cell lines compared a suspension of paclitaxel in DMSO (PSD)
Summary
Breast cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed [1,2,3]. Along with breast cancer, ovarian cancer continues to be a challenge to treat despite many advances in anti-cancer drug therapy over the recent years [4, 5]. Taxanes, such as paclitaxel and docetaxel, are routinely used as chemotherapeutic agents in treating both breast and ovarian cancer [6]. Paclitaxel is active across a broad spectrum of cancers but most especially against breast, ovarian, head and neck, and lung cancer [9, 10]. Paclitaxel is http://www.nanobe.org used as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents [10, 13]
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