Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a modern civilization disease, is marked by chronic hyperglycemia and severe complications if untreated. Type II DM, a multifactorial form, accounts for 90% of global cases. Controlling postprandial glucose is vital for preventing complications, as elevated plasma glucose is influenced by ?-amylase and ?-glucosidases. Current enzyme inhibitors like Acarbose and voglibose cause gastrointestinal side effects. This study aimed to find natural source inhibitors with fewer adverse effects using in-vitro antidiabetic assays. Mespilus germanica L. leaf juice (20-100 ?g/ml) was tested against fungal ?-amylase and ?-glucosidases from albino rat intestines. The enzymes showed dose-dependent inhibition comparable to Acarbose. LJMG and Acarbose had IC50 values of 83.35 and 52.15 ?g/ml for fungal ?-amylase, and 92.44 and 54.84 ?g/ml for ?-glucosidase, respectively. The leaf juice had a protein content of 10.6 mg/ml and increased glucose uptake by yeast similarly to Metronidazole. Results suggest that polyphenolic compounds in the leaf juice mimic insulin in glucose utilization and inhibit ?-amylase and ?-glucosidase. Further pre-clinical assessments are needed to confirm the antidiabetic potential of this herb.
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