Abstract
NiFe2O4 with an inverse spinel structure exhibits high activity for a complete oxidation of methane at 400°C–425°C and a higher temperature. The surface of the catalyst and its adsorbates were well characterized with ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) and in situ infrared spectroscopy (IR). In situ studies of the surface of NiFe2O4 using AP-XPS suggest the formation of methoxy-like and formate-like intermediates at a temperature lower than 200°C, supported by the observed vibrational signatures in in situ IR studies. Evolutions of C1s photoemission features and the nominal atomic ratios of C/(Ni+Fe) of the catalyst surface suggest that the formate-like intermediate is transformed to product molecules CO2 and H2O in the temperature range of 250–300°C. In situ studies suggest the formation of a spectator, −OlatticeCH2Olattice−. It strongly bonds to surface through CO bonds and cannot be activated even at 400°C.
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