Abstract
Inorganic LiF is generally a desirable component in solid electrolyte interface (SEI) for graphite anode due to its electronic insulation, low Li+ diffusion barrier, high modulus and good chemical stability. Herein, fluorinated carbon (CFx) was incorporated into graphite material, which exhibited a high discharge potential prior to electrolyte decomposition and in-situ formed a crystalline LiF-based SEI with improved Li+ diffusion rate. The optimized graphite anode therefore demonstrated a fast-charging capability with 124 mAh g-1 at high rate of 8 C and a remarkable capacity retention of 83.8% at the low temperature of -30 oC compared to that at 25 oC. Furthermore, the optimized graphite|LiFePO4 full cell exhibited a significantly high discharge capacity of 109 mAh g-1 at -30 oC, corresponding to a notable 77.3% room-temperature capacity retention. These findings highlight a facile strategy to attain a LiF-rich SEI for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
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