Improving sustainability in aviation through fuel saving decisions: Individual determinants for airline pilots’ environmental workplace behavior

The influence of trait mindfulness on incident involvement among Chinese airline pilots: The role of risk perception and flight experience

More experience might not bring more safety: Negative moderating effect of pilots’ flight experience on their safety performance

Bandura’s self-efficacy theory has been extensively studied in the fields of education, sports, military science, commerce and so forth. The primary aim of this study is to explore the relationship between self-efficacy, work engagement, flight experience, and human error among pilots during in-flight missions. The Perceived Professional Self-Efficacy Scale (PPSEC), the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES), and the Safety Operation Behavior Scale (SOBS) were used to evaluate one hundred and forty-three airline pilots’ self-efficacy, work engagement, and human error. Correlation analysis indicated that self-efficacy, work engagement, and human error were significantly correlated with each other. A causal steps regression and bootstrap analysis showed that airline pilots’ self-efficacy significantly influenced their human error in aviation. Meanwhile, work engagement also mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and human error. Multiple group regression analysis showed that flight experience moderated the association between pilots’ self-efficacy and human error. Implications for further research and instructions for how to improve aviation safety are discussed.

The effects of risk perception and flight experience on airline pilots’ locus of control with regard to safety operation behaviors

Environmental awareness and behavior play a crucial role in the improvement of the environment. Five dimensions of environmental awareness are considered here including environmental values, environmental knowledge, environmental responsibility, environmental ability and environmental concern while we also distinguish between private and public environmental behaviors. Based on data from the China General Social Survey (CGSS) in 2003, 2010 and 2021, this research investigated changes in Chinese residents’ environmental awareness and environmental behavior and the relationship between them. The relevant empirical methods were the MV-Probit model, the Poisson model and a mediating effect model. The results are as follows: (1) From 2003 to 2021, environmental awareness of the public has improved significantly. Among them, environmental values, environmental knowledge and environmental concern have increased by 24.5%, 12.6% and 12.77%, respectively, while environmental capacity has decreased by 7.27% from 2010 to 2021. The eastern region of China has the highest score of environmental awareness, while the western region has the lowest one. (2) From 2003 to 2021, the public’s green consumption behavior changed from more than half of the public never consuming green products in 2003 to nearly 75% always or often consuming green products in 2021. Increases in recycling were also found over time. However, the participation rate in public environmental behavior declined. In 2021, environmental behaviors were lowest in the eastern region and highest in the western region. (3) Environmental responsibility, environmental concern and environmental capacity direct and indirectly affect private and public environmental behaviors and the number of environmental behaviors through the willingness to protect the environment, which plays a semi-mediating role. Environmental knowledge only has a direct impact on private green consumption behavior. (4) There is a correlation between public and private environmental behaviors. Given the results of this study, a series of policy implications and recommendations are provided.

Environmental CSR and environmental citizenship behavior: The role of employees’ environmental passion and empathy

A high level of cancer awareness may contribute to early diagnosis and improve cancer survival. This study is aimed to assess the level of awareness of occupational cancer among airline pilots. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study has examined pilots’ occupational cancer awareness levels for the first time. A brand-new cancer awareness survey was used to examine the awareness level of airline pilots on cancer. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was employed to analyze the survey results. The response rate was % 43.6. Data had been collected from 523 individuals, 48 of whom were female pilots. Of the participants 67.3% were long-haul pilots. Female airline pilots were much more aware of cancer in comparison to male airline pilots. Pilots flying 81-90 hours per month were much more aware of cancer in comparison to other participants. Academic articles, magazines and social media were sources of knowledge for 64.6 % of pilots whereas 39.5% of pilots were informed by e-learnings and recurrent trainings regarding the occupational cancer. According to the findings of this study, there is a need for training and media-based interventions to raise awareness and instil safe and healthy lifestyle practices at the workplace in the airline industry.

As the public’s awareness of environmental protection and their concern for environmental issues increase, more and more companies are focusing on fulfilling their environmental responsibilities and meeting the green needs of consumers through diverse environmental behaviors. Based on the stimulus-organic-response model, this study adopts the scenario experiment method to explore the psychological response mechanism of consumers to heterogeneous corporate environmental responsibility behavior and their response to consumer behavior intentions using the two approaches of deep (psychological contract) and shallow (product sustainability perception) from the mechanisms of consumer psychological responses. Additionally, the research was conducted using the experimental scenario method and analyzed using an ANOVA and linear regression model. The results show that: consumers of Generation Z have stronger sustainable purchase intentions in the face of substantive environmental behaviors rather than symbolic environmental behaviors; consumers’ environmental self-efficacy plays a moderating role in the influence of corporate environmental responsibility behaviors on sustainable purchase intentions; and product sustainability perceptions and consumer psychological contracts have a dual mediating effect between corporate environmental responsibility behaviors and consumers’ sustainable purchase intentions. The conclusions enrich the diversity of the paths of influence of corporate environmental responsibility on consumer behavior and provide a theoretical basis for companies to effectively fulfill their environmental responsibility and choose environmentally friendly behaviors.

Short-haul pilots have largely been neglected in studies of fatigue, sleep loss and circadian disruption created by flight operations, but anecdotal evidence from pilots suggests that with the increasing amount of low-cost air travel, commercial pilots working short-haul operations may be becoming seriously fatigued. This study attempted to ascertain how much subjective fatigue short-haul pilots reported, and makes comparisons between low-cost and scheduled airline pilots. Pilots completed anonymous questionnaires (encompassing aviation factors, flight experience and a fatigue scale) posted on the Professional Pilots' Rumours Network website. Data were collected from 162 short-haul pilots and statistical adjustment for operational factors was made. Seventy-five percent reported severe fatigue and 81% reported the fatigue to be worse than 2 years ago. Eighty percent considered their thought processes were reduced while flying. Severe fatigue was reported more frequently by low-cost airline pilots than scheduled airline pilots (P = 0.05) and fatigue ratings were higher in this group (P = 0.03). Pilots who reported regularly flying into their 'discretion' hours had lower physical and psychological health, and overall fatigue scores, and poorer self-rated general health. Flying into discretion time occurred no more frequently in low-cost airline pilots than scheduled airline pilots. Identifiable fatigue problems are reported by short-haul pilots, but this cannot be attributed solely to the work schedules of low-cost airlines as regular use of discretion time appears to be associated with fatigue regardless of airline.

Effects of age and flight experience on prefrontal cortex activity in airline pilots: An fNIRS study

Comparative study on hazardous attitudes and safe operational behavior in airline pilots

B vitamins such as folate and vitamins B2, B6, and B12 are essential for the maintenance of DNA integrity. Deficiency in these B vitamins can result in DNA strand breaks which, if unrepaired, can lead to the formation of chromosome aberrations (CA). Niacin also contributes to chromosome stability due to several important roles, including DNA repair and regulation of cell division and apoptosis. Animal and in vitro studies suggest that these B vitamins may protect against chromosome damage induced by ionizing radiation (IR), but data from IR-exposed human populations are limited. Airline pilots are exposed to cosmic IR, an efficient inducer of CA which have been shown to be associated with increased cancer risk. We examined the association between the frequency of translocations (stable form of CA) and intakes of these B vitamins and their food sources in 82 male airline pilots. All subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire with information on occupational history and lifestyle factors. Dietary vitamin B intakes were estimated using a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire and were energy-adjusted. Translocations were scored in an average of 1039 cell equivalents (CE) per subject using fluorescence in situ hybridization with whole chromosome paints, and expressed per 100 CE. Negative binomial regression was used to estimate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for age, flight experience in years, self-reported personal diagnostic X-ray procedures, military service, and lifestyle factors. We observed a significant inverse association between the frequency of translocations and intake of niacin from food: adjusted RR (95% CI) for subjects in the highest compared with lowest tertile was 0.58 (0.40, 0.83). Translocation frequency was not associated with total niacin intake from food and supplements, nor was it associated with intakes of folate, or vitamin B2, B6, or B12 either from food or from food and supplements. These results remained unchanged after further adjustment for the combined intakes of vitamins C and E, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lutein-zeaxanthin from food (previously shown to be significantly and inversely associated with translocation frequency), or multivitamin supplement use. Additionally, the adjusted RR (95% CI) for ≥ median compared with < median intake of whole grains (median 7.5 servings/week) was 0.69 (0.50, 0.96) and of red and processed meat (median 14.5 servings/week) was 1.56 (1.13, 2.16). Significant inverse associations were also previously observed for high intakes of vitamin C-rich fruit and vegetables, citrus fruit, and green leafy vegetables which are food sources of B vitamins, especially folate. Our data suggest that a high intake of niacin from food or a diet high in whole grains as well as fruits and vegetables but low in red and processed meat may protect against IR-induced chromosome damage. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2812.

This article empirically examines the “responsibility-performance” interaction in the process of environmental social responsibility decision-making by enterprises, using the listed companies in the heavy pollution industry as the research sample. We also use the evolutionary game theory to construct a system dynamics model for simulation analysis to explore the evolutionary qualities of the environmental responsibility behavior of heavily polluting enterprises and its relationship with financial performance under the influence of local government environmental regulation. It finds that for environmental social responsibility, a company's expected performance surplus is more likely to promote positive interaction between responsibility and performance than a gap; for regions with relatively negative environmental strategies, environmental social responsibility provides more efficient reputation transformation and motivates companies to invest in it; more competitive industries and enterprises with forward-looking environmental strategies tend to put performance feedback into the undertaking of environmental social responsibility. Therefore, the government and regulatory authorities should urge heavy polluting enterprises to implement environmental responsibility, so that they can fully realize that emission reduction and growth can be achieved at the same time and promote the financial performance of enterprises and environmental responsibility while forming a win–win situation at the ecological level and corporate social level.

DESIGN and be SMART: Eleven engineering challenges to achieve sustainable air transportation under safety assurance in the year 2050

Third‐party environmental evaluation by environmental organizations can provide an independent professional evaluation of firms' environmental behaviors. Because environmental organizations aim to improve environmental welfare, which reflects value rationality than instrumental rationality. We argue that third‐party environmental evaluation can reduce information asymmetries between central and local governments, and induce local governments to strengthen environmental enforcement, which in turn increases the pressure on polluters. At the same time, third‐party evaluation improves transparency and exposes firms' environmental opportunistic behavior, which increases the pressure on firms to take more responsibility for environmental protection. In an analysis of a large sample of Chinese listed firms over the period 2009–2018, we find that third‐party evaluation from environmental organizations has a positive impact on firms' environmental responsibility. This positive effect is stronger for firms located in regions with weak local protectionism and weaker for firms with less external shareholder monitoring.