Abstract
A study on the mass flow of municipal solid waste in a mediumsize-city was conducted to analyze the potential waste reduction through the informal sector. The city was opted since the local government targets to improve the informal sector’s role to reduce the waste, which is relatively reasonable to implement the informal sector involvement rather than high technology in waste management requiring high investment, which can be challenging for the local government. Waste Bank and scavengers are informal sectors mainly involved in waste reduction in the area of study. Their capacity to reduce domestic waste was evaluated using a mass balance method. The recovery factor of each waste type was also calculated to determine the average reduction rate. The result showed that scavengers and cleaning staff working in temporary waste disposal sites (TWDSs) could reduce the waste collected daily up to 70%, 61%, 48%, 50%, 3% for paper, plastic, glass, metal, and organic waste respectively. Calculation using mass balance showed that 17 TWDS reduce a total of 8% waste per year, while 13 waste banks reduce 2% waste per year. It indicated that waste reduction in the city was only 10%. The reduction rate is far below the target of the government, which is 20% by 2020. Therefore, the study proposes improving the mass balance by increasing the waste treatment capacity in TWDSs and waste banks. By adding the shredder and composting heaps in some TWDSs and the number of active members in waste banks, the waste reduction may increases from 10% to 24%.
Highlights
According to a recent study, the annual solid waste collection is about 11.2 billion globally, which decomposition of its organic fraction contributes about 5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions [1]
Quantitative research technique is used in this research enabling calculation of the amount of waste reduced by informal sectors in waste banks and temporary waste disposal sites (TWDSs)
This activity benefits both community and local government since there is side income for households by selling the recyclable material. It helps the local government reduce waste source points contributing less waste transported to TWDS and landfills
Summary
According to a recent study, the annual solid waste collection is about 11.2 billion globally, which decomposition of its organic fraction contributes about 5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions [1]. There is no appropriate intermediate treatment for municipal waste in Indonesia before disposal in the landfill. Most landfills in Indonesia are already over capacity and need intensive treatment [2]. According to Damanhuri (2017), approximately 69% of waste is disposed of in a landfill, and 10% of waste is disposed of with no treatment [3]. A few cities comply with the law. This condition has led to a vast environment and social problem [2]
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