Improving Health Literacy on Anemia Prevention Among Female Adolescents Through School-Based Interventions

Introduction: Iron deficiency anemia develops when body stores of iron drop too low to support normal red blood cell (RBC) production. Anemia is currently one of the most common and intractable nutrional problems globally. The requirement of iron in doubles during adolscence as compared to younger age group. Following growth spurt, the risk of iron deficiency anemia continues to be a public concern. Objectives: To assess the effect of structured teaching programme on level of knowledge on iron deficiency anemia among adolescent girls and to associate the level of knowledge of iron deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia among adolescent girls with selected socio demographic and clinical data variables. Methodology: Pre- experimental, one group pre-test post-test design was used. 40 samples were selected by purposive sampling. Pre-test was conducted on 1st day followed by structured teaching programme on iron-deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia and post test was conducted on 4th day. Results: The socio demographic and clinical data variables reveals that the adolescent girls 30(75%) belonged to the age group of 16 years. All adolescent girls had education level of 11th standard 40(100%), more than half of the adolescent girls 21(52.5%) belonged to Hindu religion, majority of the adolescent girls 34 (85%) belonged to nuclear family. Majority of the adolescent girls 24 (60%) lives in rural area, more than half of adolescent girls 21(52.5%) attained menarche at the age of 13 years or less and all the adolescent girls 40(100%) have a mixed type of dietary pattern. In the pre-test, none of the samples 40(100%) had adequate knowledge and 38(95%) samples had inadequate knowledge on iron deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia. There was a significant difference between the pre-test and post test level of knowledge on iron deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia among adolescent girls. There was no significant association between the level of knowledge on iron deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia with socio-demographic and clinical data variables. Conclusion: The study concluded that structured teaching programme is an effective method to improve the knowledge regarding iron deficiency anemia and prevention of anemia among adolescent girls.

ObjectivesFor adolescents and young adults, most health literacy research has been conducted in Western countries, but few studies have been conducted in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). This review aimed...

Introduction: The leading causes of anaemia in female adolescents are iron and nutrient deficiencies, excessive blood loss during menstruation, and incorrect diet due to a lack of knowledge of female adolescents about the prevention of anaemia and the consumption of iron supplement tablets. This study aimed to analyse the effectiveness of MONOGAMIA on the knowledge level of female adolescents.Methods: The research design was a quasi-experiment pre-post-test with control group. The sample was 96 female students divided into two groups at Senior High School East Lombok from October 4-14, 2024. The intervention group used MONOGAMIA, and the control group used the CEMARI Flip Chart. The Fe tablet was given for four weeks. Data collection used questionnaires of knowledge and iron supplement consumption compliance cards. Knowledge pre-test and post-test were taken on the same day in both groups, and compliance with iron consumption was taken one week after education. The research data were analysed using Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, and Chi-Square (α<0.05). Results: Both groups had a significant difference in knowledge of anaemia prevention before and after education (p<0.001). There was a significant difference in knowledge about anaemia prevention after education between two groups (p = 0.000). There was a significant difference in iron supplement consumption between the intervention and control group after education (p = 0.028). Conclusion: MONOGAMIA is more effective in increasing knowledge about anaemia prevention and iron supplement consumption in female adolescents than CEMARI. MONOGAMIA can be used to educate female adolescents on how to prevent anaemia.

Background: Anemia remains a global health problem, especially among adolescent girls who are prone to iron deficiency due to increased needs during growth. Lack of knowledge about anemia prevention contributes to the high prevalence of this condition. Research Objective: To analyze the effect of health education using video media on adolescent girls' knowledge about anemia prevention. Methods: A quantitative study with a one-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design was conducted on 36 female students in grade XI at SMA Negeri 1 Sindue, selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained using knowledge questionnaires before and after the intervention, then analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The study showed that the average knowledge score before the intervention was 10.47 (SD 1.682) with a range of 6–14, while after the intervention it increased to 14.83 (SD 0.378) with a range of 14–15. The statistical test produced a p-value <0.001, indicating a significant difference between the knowledge scores before and after the intervention. Conclusion: These findings indicate that video-based health education is effective in improving adolescent girls' knowledge about anemia prevention.

Mapping the Expertise and Understanding of Menarche, Menstrual Hygiene, and Menstrual Health among Adolescent Ladies in Low- and Center-Profit Nations

Kidney Health for All: Bridging the Gap in Kidney Health Education and Literacy

Based on the survey data on the prevalence of anemia in Indonesia by the Regional Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018, it can be seen that children aged 15-24 years suffer from anemia by 32%. Adolescent girls are more susceptible to anemia due to the influence of a diet that does not meet balanced nutrition and the menstrual process every month. In Madiun City, based on anemia screening in grades 7 and 10 in the first quarter of 2024, the prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls was 39.67%. This shows that not all adolescent girls are aware of the dangers of anemia and efforts to prevent it. Therefore, a communication strategy is needed to prevent anemia in adolescent girls through health promotion media. This study aims to determine the effect of video media in increasing knowledge and attitudes towards preventing anemia among adolescent girls in SMPN 4 Madiun City. The design of this research is a pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample in this study were 7th and 8th grade students of SMPN 4 Madiun City, a total of 279 people using cluster random sampling. Data analysis in this study used the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study average score of knowledge about anemia prevention in adolescent girls with video media showed pretest (49.91), posttest (76.55) while the average score of attitude of adolescent girls showed pretest (70.75), posttest (79.59). The results of data analysis with the Wilcoxon test obtained the results of statistical tests of knowledge before and after intervention with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 and the results of statistical tests of attitudes before and after intervention showed a significance value of 0.000 <0.05 which means that the p value of 0.000 <0.05 which means H0 is rejected, namely there are differences in knowledge and attitudes towards anemia prevention before and after providing anemia education video for adolescent girls at SMPN 4 Madiun City. Health promotion through video media is one of the communication strategies that can improve knowledge and attitudes about anemia prevention in adolescent girls. This research is expected to be developed until the intervention of the behavior of adolescent girls toward anemia prevention.

IntroductionDengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by dengue virus. The incidence of dengue has been steadily increasing globally in recent decades. The main treatment modality focuses on symptomatic relief. Primary prevention such as vector control and community education remain the mainstay of dengue control. School-based health education is one of the commonly applied interventions among school-age children to improve dengue control.ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to systematically analyse and determine the impact of various school-based health education programmes on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of dengue prevention among school children.MethodsArticles related to school-based health education with dengue prevention were retrieved electronically from three different databases (EBSCOhost-Medline, Scopus, and Pubmed). Articles were screened by independent reviewers. Selected articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were stored in Microsoft Excel. All included articles were critically appraised to assess the quality of the studies using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT).ResultsOf the 582 articles identified, nine were included in the final review. Overall, there was an increase in knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding dengue following school-based health education. However, knowledge appeared to be the most significant variable as all studies showed a significant increase in knowledge. Hence, educational interventions exerted a more prominent impact on the knowledge of dengue infection compared to attitude and practices among school children.ConclusionFurther research is warranted to establish stronger evidence and evaluate the long-term impact of these interventions on students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice.

Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin is low. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin protein that it enables them to carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to all parts of the body. A study conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding prevention of anemia among adolescent girls in a selected senior secondary schools of Bharatpur. During the study, 60 adolescence girls were selected for them pretest is administered for assessing knowledge. After evaluation pretest score was showing lower knowledge regarding prevention of anemia then structured teaching program on knowledge of prevention from anemia administered after one week post test conducted by using same questionnaire this time girls shows increased knowledge regarding prevention of anemia and they are following healthy food habits for the prevention of anemia. Results showing adequate knowledge various methods are used for measuring the variables such as mean, mode, and standard deviation for significance of demographic variables chi square test were used there is no significant demographic variables.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-3: 192-197

BackgroundEnsuring reduction in transmission of lymphatic Filariasis (LF) and addressing the compliance of people to mass drug administration (MDA) has led to renewed efforts in the field. School-based health education (SBHE) intervention, considered a cost-effective strategy with potential to reach the wider public through young people, was adopted as a strategy for social mobilization. This study assessed SBHE perceptions, implementation barriers, and factors in the supporting environment as well as its efficiency to successfully change LF MDA-related knowledge and practice.MethodsThis mixed methods study was conducted in four sites of Lalitpur district, Nepal. Classroom-based interactive health education sessions were used as the main intervention strategy in the study. In total, 572 students were assigned to intervention and control groups. Questionnaires were distributed before and after the intervention. Mann-Whitney and McNemar tests were used for analysis. Focus-group discussions with teachers and students and in-depth interviews with the district LF program manager as well as Education Office and school management authorities were conducted. Qualitative thematic analysis approach was adopted.ResultsIntervention curriculum played a significant role in increasing children’s knowledge and practice (p<0.001). Barriers for school-based interventions were budget constraints, human resource deficiencies, lack of opportunities to conduct practical classes under the curriculum, and lack of collaboration with parents. Supportive factors were training provision, monitoring and evaluation practice, adequate facilities and equipment, positive parental attitudes, presence of interested teachers and students, and prioritization by program implementers.ConclusionEffective program planning practices such as proper fiscal management, human resource management, training mechanisms, and efforts to promote practical classes and coordination with parents are required to develop and institutionalize the intervention. Effective learning and a supportive school environment appear to be important components to support implementation. The SBHE intervention is a feasible and promising intervention for accelerating compliance towards MDA to eliminate LF.

Background and Objective: Poor health literacy is a major obstacle to seeking help for health problems in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school-based educational interventions on improving health literacy (MHL) in adolescents.  Materials and Methods: In this study, a search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Irandoc, Magiran, and SID databases in both Persian and English language for studies published from 2011 to 2021. The keywords adolescent, mental health literacy, depression literacy, intervention, education, and high school were searched in both languages. Out of 191 articles extracted and finally, 6 articles were included in this study.  Results: The results of the study conducted in Norway showed that the individualâ��s health literacy who participated in the all Mental Health program was significantly increased compared to those in the control group; findings of a study conducted in Australia reported that MHL in the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group after intervention (P <0.05). But, attitudes toward seeking help did not change. A Canadian study indicated that the health curriculum significantly increased health knowledge and reduced tagging (P <0.001); furthermore, an Iranian study demonstrated that the mean score of MHL in the intervention group was significantly increased compared to the control group after the educational intervention (P <0.001). In the study, which was conducted in the US, depressive literacy in the intervention group was significantly increased 4 months after the intervention. However, results of one study showed that education intervention is more effective than contact based intervention with an ill person (P <0.001).  Conclusion: Evidence highlights that although studies have used a variety of methods for adolescent health literacy interventions in schools, all studies have had a positive effect on health literacy. Given that studies used self-report assessment to measure MHL outcomes. Thus, coni¬�rmation of these i¬�ndings with objective tools is still needed.

Anemia is a significant global health issue affecting adolescent females. Since 2011, the World Health Organization (WHO) has advocated for iron supplementation as the preferred intervention to prevent and mitigate adolescent anemia. Adherence to the consumption of iron supplement tablets remains inadequate, primarily due to adolescents' insufficient knowledge and self-awareness. Education is essential for enhancing self-awareness and adherence to iron supplement pills. This literature review examines the influence of health education media on anemia prevention, particularly in improving self-awareness and adherence to Iron Supplement Tablet (IST) use among adolescent females. Studies were chosen according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A thorough search across various databases generated 2129 papers: Google Scholar= 2260, PubMed= 130, ScienceDirect= 236, and Scopus= 100. Of these, 597 were discarded for irrelevance, two were inaccessible, and 14 articles were included in the study following the eligibility assessment. The review findings indicate that health education media using Print Media (brochures, flip charts), Media Technology (audiovisual, animated videos), Telephone calls and text messages, Social Media (WhatsApp, TikTok), Game Media (Monopoly), and peer groups substantially increase self-awareness and adherence to iron supplement consumption in preventing anemia among adolescent girls.

As the younger female generation, female adolescents should understand anaemia prevention. This study examined the effects of animated educational videos on the knowledge of anaemia prevention among female adolescents using the Health Belief Model (HBM). A quasi-experimental method with a randomised pre-test and post-test control group design was applied. Animated educational videos about anaemia prevention were used as the intervention. One hundred sixty-one female adolescents were recruited through multistage random sampling and divided into intervention (n=78) and control (n=83) groups. The intervention group received education via animated educational videos. The HBM questionnaire was used to measure the nine HBM indicators (r=0.8); the item categories were valid and reliable. Descriptive analyses, independent t-tests and repeated-measures ANOVA were used to analyse the data. The animated educational videos played thrice significantly increased the knowledge of the intervention group (mean score: pre-test, 94; post-test one, 99; post-test two, 102). The scores for anaemia examination barriers (P=0.001), anaemia susceptibility (P=0.001), anaemia severity (P=0.001), anaemia prevention benefits (P=0.001), anaemia examination benefits (P=0.001), self-efficacy for obtaining iron tablets (P=0.001), self-recognition of anaemia signs and symptoms (P=0.001), signs of anaemia prevention (P=0.001) and health motivation (P=0.001) significantly changed. Meanwhile, the knowledge of the control group did not significantly increase (pre-test, 93; post-test one, 94; post-test two, 97). The intervention group had significantly higher mean scores in both the first and second measurements than the control group (P=0.05). Animated educational videos significantly increased the knowledge of anaemia prevention, including the nine HBM indicators.

Latar Belakang: Tingginya prevalensi anemia pada remaja dapat disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan sikap sikap terhadap pencegahan anemia. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pencegahan anemia adalah dengan melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan.Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pencegahan anemia pada remaja putri.Metode: Penelitian merupakan kuasi eksperimen dengan the one-group pre-test-post-test design. Populasi adalah remaja putri usia 10 – 19 tahun di Puskesmas Wanaraja Kabupaten Garut. Sampel sejumlah 40 remaja putri, diambil dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk mengukur sikap pencegahan anemia dan soal pilihan ganda untuk mengukur pengetahuan tentang anemia. Teknik analisis yang dipergunakan uji sampel berkorelasi.Hasil: Penyuluhan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan remaja tentang anemia, dengan selisih rata-rata skor sebesar -2,025 dan p-value sebesar 0,000 (p&lt;0,01). Pengetahuan remaja putri tentang anemia meningkat setelah mendapat penyuluhan. Penyuluhan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan sikap remaja putri terhadap pencegahan anemia, dengan selisih rata-rata skor sebesar -3,300 dan p-value sebesar 0,000 (p&lt;0,01). Sikap remaja putri terhadap pencegahan anemia meningkat setelah mendapat penyuluhan.Kesimpulan: Penyuluhan berpengaruh terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap remaja putri terhadap pencegahan anemia.Saran: Puskesmas Wanaraja Kabupaten Garut hendaknya dapat memberikan edukasi secara berkesinambungan tentang anemia kepada remaja putri di wilayahnya dengan bekerjasama dengan kader desa setempat, sehingga dapat menjangkau seluruh remaja putri di wilayahnya. Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Penyuluhan, Sikap pencegahan anemia ABSTRACT Background: The high prevalence of anemia in adolescents can be caused by a lack of knowledge and attitudes towards preventing anemia. One effort to increase knowledge and attitudes towards preventing anemia is by providing health counseling.Objective: To determine the effect of counseling on knowledge and attitudes towards anemia prevention in adolescent girls in the working area of the Wanaraja Community Health Center, Garut Regency.Method: The research is a quasi-experiment with the one-group pre-test-post-test design. The population is adolescent girls aged 10 – 19 years at the Wanaraja Community Health Center, Garut Regency. A sample of 40 adolescent girls was taken using purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire to measure attitude toward anemia prevention and multiple choice questions to measure knowledge about anemia. The analysis technique used is paired-sample t-test.Results: Counseling had an effect on increasing adolescent girls’ knowledge about anemia, with an average score difference of -2.025 and a p-value of 0.000 (p&lt;0.01). Adolescent girls' knowledge about anemia increased after receiving counseling. Counseling had an effect on improving the adolescent girls’ attitude toward anemia prevention, with an average score difference of -3.300 and a p-value of 0.000 (p&lt;0.01). The adolescent girls’ attitude toward anemia prevention improved after receiving counseling.Conclusions: Counseling has an effect on adolescent girls’ knowledge and attitude toward anemia prevention.Suggestions: Wanaraja Community Health Center, Garut Regency should be able to provide continuous education about anemia to adolescent girls in its area by collaborating with local village cadres, so that it can reach all adolescent girls in its area. Keywords: Knowledge, Counseling, Attitude toward anemia prevention

Introduction: In adolescent girls, the need for iron increases due to accelerated growth and monthly iron loss because of menstruation. Anemia in adolescent girls can cause a decrease in learning concentration, headaches, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, pale skin, and others. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the anemia prevention education program on adolescent girls’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Indonesian rural areas.Method: The research sample consisted of 81 respondents (40 in the control group and 41 in the intervention group) from two schools, who were selected using total sampling for the control group and quota sampling for the intervention group. The anemia prevention education intervention consisted of 4 meeting sessions held every week for a month with 30-40 minutes for each meeting.Result: Data analysis revealed that the anemia prevention education program effectively increased anemia knowledge (p=0.00) and practice (p=0.02). However, this program was ineffective in changing adolescent girls’ attitudes about anemia prevention (p=1.00) because adolescent girls had a positive attitude (100%) both before and after receiving education.Conclusion: As a result, it can be stated that nurses and other health workers can apply for the anemia prevention education program conducted by the Public Health Center to improve adolescent girls’ knowledge and practice of anemia prevention.