Abstract
The challenge of ensuring food security, which concerns not only the availability of food products but also their nutritional quality, is particularly important for modern Nigeria. The diet of the population lacks sufficient animal protein, which entails many health problems. Nigeria’s livestock sector, despite its considerable size, is not able to satisfy the demand of the rapidly growing population for animal protein. The steady development of animal husbandry in Nigeria is hindered by the escalating conflict between farmers and pastoralists, which causes loss of life, destruction of crops and livestock. The Nigerian authorities have made repeated attempts to find a solution to resolve the conflict, one of them being the decision to establish livestock ranches that would limit the grazing area and thereby eliminate the main cause of the tensions – constant migrations of livestock, but to no avail. Modern laws do not take into account many of the nuances that make attempts to organize livestock farming in fenced areas unfeasible. However, keeping farm animals on ranches is an innovative way to develop livestock in Nigeria. The author believes that Nigerian laws regulating the livestock sector require significant modification, where special attention should be paid to innovative components.
Highlights
Prior to independence, agriculture was the leading sector of the Nigerian economy
There was a decline in the production of certain types of agricultural products, which in the 1970s led to a change in the country's place in the system of global division of labor: Nigeria lost the role of a supplier of some types of agricultural raw materials to the world market
Particular attention should be paid to the main obstacle to the development of animal husbandry – the conflicts between farmers and pastoralists, which cause casualties among people and animals, interrupt the peaceful life of the population, and undermine the country's food security
Summary
Colonial Nigeria was able to fully provide its population with food and exported a significant volume of agricultural products. The country has firmly taken a place in the top ten world oil exporters, while gradually losing advanced agriculture and the ability to provide its population with food [2]. The main industry that generates the highest export earnings is the oil and gas sector, about 70% of the working population is employed in agriculture [3]. It is extremely important to pay attention to the problems that impede the full-fledged development of animal husbandry, since its accelerated development is the most important direction in strengthening the country's food security, improving the diet of the population and modernizing the agricultural sector of the economy. Particular attention should be paid to the main obstacle to the development of animal husbandry – the conflicts between farmers and pastoralists, which cause casualties among people and animals, interrupt the peaceful life of the population, and undermine the country's food security
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