Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become an important part of our lives as they can be used in vast application areas from disaster relief to health care. As a consequence, the life span and the energy consumption of a WSN have become a challenging research area. According to the existing studies, instead of using direct transmission or multihop routing, clustering can significantly reduce the energy consumption of sensor nodes and can prolong the lifetime of a WSN. In this paper, we propose a low energy fixed clustering algorithm (LEFCA) for WSNs. With LEFCA, the clusters are constructed during the set-up phase. A sensor node which becomes a member of a cluster stays in the same cluster throughout the life span of the network. LEFCA not only improves the lifetime of the network but also decreases the energy dissipation significantly.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes distributed over a geographical area with predefined positions or random deployment
The results demonstrate that dynamic round time based LEACH Fixed Clustering (LEACH-F) provides improvement over energy and network lifetime enhancement when compared with LEACH
Does low energy fixed clustering algorithm (LEFCA) have a longer lifetime than LEACH and its variants (LEACH-F and ModLEACH) and a comparison with Stable Election Protocol (SEP) and DEEC yields a longer lifetime for LEFCA
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes distributed over a geographical area with predefined positions or random deployment. Energy consumption can occur in sensing, data processing, and communications components. The communication component on the other hand is considered as the most energy consuming activity, as a result it has a significant impact on the network lifetime. (i) Each sensor node collects and transmits the data directly to the BS in direct transmission. Minimization of energy spent in processing, sensing, and transmission of data allows sensor nodes to save energy. Such energy savings help to extend the lifetime of WSN applications. Under LEFCA, clusters stay fixed for the entire network lifetime and the number of CH changes is minimized by threshold based CH selection.
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