Abstract
The security in visible-light communication (VLC) networks has recently gained attention. This work presents a hyperchaotic baseband frequency hopping method based on optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (Hyperchaos-BB-FH-OOFDM) that can enhance both confidentiality and availability in VLC networks. A four-dimensional hyperchaotic scheme is employed for chaotic mapping. The proposed method exploits the random feature of the input data and chaotic codes to improve the confidentiality against correlation and statistical attacks and to improve the availability against illumination, disguised, and noise jamming. Using the chaotic scheme, the bipolar real OFDM samples are exploited to create dynamic cypher keys and spreading codes that are updated at each frame throughout the entire session, leading to high security against malicious attacks. The proposed method employs a four-fold encryption approach that involves chaotic frequency/time-domain scrambling of OFDM subcarriers, chaotic phase scrambling of frequency-domain subcarriers, and chaotic spreading of the OFDM signals upon transmission. According to the results, in addition to enhancing the confidentiality and availability, the method supports multiplexing, reduces the peak-to-average-power ratio of the OFDM signal, and improves the bit error rate performance for OFDM-based VLC networks.
Highlights
Visible-light communication (VLC) networks are considered to have surpassed the conventional radio-based networks with regard to security, owing to the directivity and high obstacle impermeability of optical signals
Security methods for Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) based on different network technologies such as passive optical network [46], [47] and radio-based network [48], [49] have been proposed in literature. These technologies are out of scope of this paper and we only focus on improving the security for OFDM based on VLC networks
We propose for the first time a novel hyperchaotic BB Frequency hopping (FH) method based on optical OFDM, which is denoted as hyperchaos-BB-FH-OOFDM
Summary
Visible-light communication (VLC) networks are considered to have surpassed the conventional radio-based networks with regard to security, owing to the directivity and high obstacle impermeability of optical signals. The method produces secret keys and spreading codes from the polarity of the real bipolar time-domain OFDM samples and chaotic scheme. These secret sequences are updated at each frame during the entire session, leading to high security against malicious attacks. Scrambling of the time-domain samples by random sequences changes randomly the polarity of the samples and the type of clipping (positive or negative) at each sample This leads to a distortion of the time-domain subcarriers before transmission, and the performance of the optical OFDM is deteriorated as shown in the Results section. The hyperchaotic quantities generated from the chaotic scheme are highly sensitive to the initial quantities ∼ 1×10−15 and have a reliable characteristic of randomness [60], resulting in high security against malicious attacks
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