Abstract
One of the central problems in fire safety science and technology is to reduce damage caused by both fires and fire-fighting processes. This paper provides a potential solution to the problem, and it derives from decentralization of fire-fighting agents. In particular, this paper investigates fire extinguishing performance when a fire-fighting agent is supplied to a fire from one direction with one extinguisher and from two directions with two extinguishers. The two methods are called the centralized supply and the decentralized supply, respectively, in this paper. It is demonstrated that the decentralized supply reduces damage caused by both fires and fire-fighting processes. This follows from the facts that fire extinguishment by the decentralized supply is more certain than the centralized supply, and that the decentralized supply requires less total amount of a fire-fighting agent than the centralized supply for fire extinguishment.
Highlights
Fire disasters can cause heavy damage to their surroundings including humans by combustion, heat, smoke and/or gas produced from fires
It is demonstrated that the decentralized supply reduces damage caused by both fires and fire-fighting processes
The following two are demonstrated in this paper: 1) Fire extinguishment by the decentralized supply is more certain than the centralized supply
Summary
Fire disasters can cause heavy damage to their surroundings including humans by combustion, heat, smoke and/or gas produced from fires. If a fire is extinguished in short time by using a small amount of a fire-fighting agent, it reduces the total damage produced by both the fire and the fire-fighting process. One approach to overcoming this problem is to create effective fire-fighting agents, and a number of studies have been reported on fire-fighting agents such as dry chemicals [1], wet chemicals [2] [3] and inert gases [4] [5] [6]. These two imply that the decentralized supply is more powerful than the centralized supply, and that the decentralized supply reduces damage caused by both fires and fire-fighting processes
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