Abstract
It is desired to resolve soil contamination with reduced costs. “Insoluble treatment” is a soil improvement method for heavy metal containing soil, which uses soil mixers to mix soil and soil improvement liquid agents. To reduce the costs of this method, soil mixers have to be optimized. However, it is not achieved due to the lack of theoretical knowledge on mixing solid with liquid. Therefore, a numerical model to simulate the dynamic behavior of solid and liquid is on the development in this study using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method. To validate the numerical model, several experiments were carried out and numerically reproduced. The comparisons of the results showed that the numerical model replicated a liquid flow with an error rate of 2.1% and a seepage flow with an error rate up to 26.1%. Especially, the water distribution in the soil pores was highly improved with absolute gaps in volumetric water content up to 4.4% in the porosity range of 10% - 90%. For the water absorption into dry sand, the simulation result became more realistic by concerning soil suction.
Highlights
Soil contamination is a serious environmental issue that can damage living things including human beings through water pollution
In order to validate the numerical model for a seepage flow inside of saturated soil, the following concept was used: the numerical model is valid if input parameters are reproducible by processing simulation results with methods that are used in processing experimental results
In order to validate the numerical model for a seepage flow inside unsaturated soil, an observation of water absorption into unsaturated soil was carried out
Summary
Soil contamination is a serious environmental issue that can damage living things including human beings through water pollution. It is expected that it will continue increasing with investigations with urban redevelopments It is ideal if soil contamination can be resolved on site with reduced costs. “Insoluble treatment” is a soil improvement method that is used against heavy metal containing soil. This method have to be optimized about the designs and the operating conditions of soil mixers. Theoretical knowledge of mixing solid with liquid in a soil mixer to optimize the soil improvement method is needed. Based on the above background, the objective of this study is to develop the simulator that can be used to accumulate the theoretical knowledge of mixing solid with liquid in a soil mixer, which is necessary in optimizing soil mixers for its designs and operating conditions
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