Abstract
An improved method for the synthesis of two types of carbohydrate-based, pH-sensitive surfactants has been developed. The surfactants are formed in almost quantitative yields from d-fructose and suitable alkylamines, when using a zinc halide salt as catalyst. The reaction proceeds via an initial Amadori reaction, and the 1,2-dialkylamino-1,2-dideoxy-d-(N)-beta-glucoside precipitates out of the reaction. The product can easily be hydrolyzed to the more water-soluble, surface-active, and pH-sensitive monoalkyl derivative 2-alkylamino-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose. Products from several amines can be prepared.
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