Improved Efficiency of P Fertilization with Bio and Organic additives on Growth, Seed Quality and Soybean Yield

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted at Experimental Farm of Tag El-Ezz, Agricultural Research Station, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt, during two successive summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 to study the improving efficiency of different P mineral sources with bio, and organic additives as combined treatments on growth performance, quantitative and qualitative productivity of soybean plants (Glycine max L., cv. Giza 111). A split-plot design with three replicates was used, representing three sources of phosphorus fertilizers (control, Ordinary superphosphate OSP, and Mono ammonium phosphate MAP as the main plots, six bio and organic treatments (control, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi AM, vermicompost V, potassium humate KH, AM+V, and AM+KH as the subplots. The results were collected briefly as follows: MAP gave the highest values of vegetative growth, yield, its components, and seed quality compared to (OSP) or control. AM+KH had the best-aforementioned adjectives compared to other bio and organic additions, where the plants fertilized with AM+V came in the second-order followed by KH then V, and lately AM alone. The combination of MAP and AM+KH was the superior treatment effect on all studied traits compared to the other treatments, the highest P use efficiencies values and (benefit: cost) ratio were achieved from this reaction. The available N, P, K and pH value of soil after the harvest of soybean were improved significantly due to the integration of inorganic fertilizers with bio and organic fertilizers.