Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare bone invasion type with histopathological, clinical and immunohistochemical prognostic factors. The study included 49 patients who were treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma. Of which, 30 patients, with presence of bone invasion on histopathology, were divided according to the type of bone invasion (erosive, infiltrative, mixed). Each invasion type was compared to microvascular density using the CD34 marker. The bone invasion was observed in 30 out of 49 patients (61.22%). On McNemar's test, statistically significant association was observed between bone invasion types and histopathological grade. In contrast, no significant correlation was observed between bone invasion type, and tumour volume or nodal metastases. In tumours with bone invasion of the infiltrative type, higher frequency of locoregional relapses was observed. The 5-year survival, since diagnosis, was approximately 60% in the erosive group, 40% in the mixed group, and merely 15% in the infiltrative group. Peritumoural microvascular density was not significantly related to bone invasion types. Whereas, a significantly higher intratumoural microvascular density was observed in infiltrative type of the bone invasion, when compared to the erosive and mixed type.
Highlights
Carcinomas of the oral cavity and the oropharynx, comprising approximately 15% of the total malignant tumours, are among the ten most frequently occurring malignancies of the human population
We checked for the association of bone invasion type and grade of tumour differentiation, the involvement of regional lymph nodes, tumour volume, occurrence of locoregional relapses, treatment algorithm and survival rate of the patients
Microvascular density in connection to bone invasion and other pathological markers Subsequently, we evaluated the association of the microvascular density (MVD) (CD34) to the bone invasion type and other clinicopathological markers
Summary
Carcinomas of the oral cavity and the oropharynx, comprising approximately 15% of the total malignant tumours, are among the ten most frequently occurring malignancies of the human population. A number of clinical, morphological and molecular-biological criteria, for squamous cell carcinoma, have developed; they are currently being used for histopathological staging and are crucial to the treatment algorithm and estimation of tumour prognosis[2,3]. These criteria primarily concern the following factors: – tumour location and volume – histopathological grading – histological type of squamous cell carcinoma – positivity of the resected tissue margins – presence of locoregional and distant metastases – invasiveness of tumour growth. According to the tumour-node-metastases (TNM) classification, carcinomas involving the cortical bone are classified as pathological stage pT4a; surface erosion of the bone, as a result of contact with primary tumour, is not considered as invasion (stage pT4a) (ref.[5]).
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