Implementing Mobile Learning with Differentiated Instruction in Calculus: Student Learning Styles Analysis

The smart learning environment is a technology-supported learning environment that is enriched with digital resources, context-aware and adaptive devices, and can provide appropriate support to meet the learning style and abilities of diverse students to promote better and enhances learning process in higher education. It is a student-centered learning environment that has the capacity to engage students and offers an effective learning process. It is characterized by the ability to provide interactions between students and facilitators, and personalized and inclusive learning experiences to anyone, anytime and anywhere using smart mobile devices. However, despite the increasing use of smart learning environment in higher education, there is no well-defined model with a set of educational requirements for developing and evaluating self-regulated smart learning environment which considers both instructional and evaluation design. Therefore, this article explores instructional design and learning evaluation process to propose a new set of educational requirements referred to as smart learning environment pedagogical and educational requirements model (SLE-PERM) for developing and evaluating self-regulated smart learning environment. Next, the article presents the application of the educational requirements on three common learning management system (LMS) namely: Moodle, Blackboard and Schoology which can be used to evaluate the suitability of LMS to guide stakeholders on the critical issues that require pedagogical and educational requirements for developing a self-regulated smart learning environment in higher education.

Learning styles in students are considered very important for the learning process and learning outcomes, besides that teachers also have an important role in implementing the learning process in students who have been adapted to the learning styles of students. This study aims to: (1) Describe the learning styles of class VIA students in IPAS subjects (2) Describe the efforts made by teachers in the learning styles of students in IPAS lessons. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research, where in collecting data using three techniques, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. During the interview, the researcher used a structured interview, where several indicators of questions about learning styles were provided based on the learning style questionnaire. Data validity used, namely source triangulation and technique triangulation. This data analysis uses the Miles & Huberman model including data collection, data reductions, data display, conclusions. In this study there were 20 students who were interviewed and observed, and the results obtained from these 20 students, 10 of them had a visual learning style style covering 50% of the number of students in class VIA, 6 of them had an auditory learning style covering 30% of the number of students in class VIA, and 4 students had a kinesthetic learning style covering 20% of the number of students in class VIA. It can be seen that the visual learning style dominates with the most students compared to students in other learning styles. Based on these results, it states that the way of learning that each student or each individual has will certainly be very different.

<p><strong>Background:</strong><strong> </strong>Learning styles are the ways students learn, intake and process new information. The contribution of learning styles for educational quality is evident and have important implications to develop effective curricula. Teachers can effectively plan instructional activities if they know the learning styles of students. This study was conducted to find out the preferred learning styles of medical and physiotherapy students.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods:</strong><strong> </strong>This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at Azra Naheed Medical College Lahore from January to March 2014. Honey and Muffard Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was used to assess the preferred learning styles. The medical students of 3rd year and 6th semester physiotherapy class were invited for the study. The collected data was organized and analyzed by the use of statistical tools.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong><strong> </strong>120 students participated in this study, out of which 60 (50 %) were students of MBBS class whereas 60 (50 %) were of physiotherapy class. 48 (40%) were male students and 72 (60%) were female students. Both the groups have reflector as dominating learning style with a minor difference of (40%) and (42.5%) for medical and physiotherapy respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong><strong> </strong>Students have different learning styles and require versatile instructional and assessment strategies. Preferred learning style of medical and physiotherapy students found in this study is reflector, however all the learning styles are present in both groups.<strong></strong></p>

Mobile learning functions to facilitate student learning because it has characteristics that are practical to carry anywhere, so mobile learning has its interests. With mobile learning, learning is more flexible and effective. The consideration of the effectiveness of mobile learning-based learning demands the importance of research on the development of cutting-edge learning models to help students and educators to make learning easier and provide learning motivation for students in higher education. This research is descriptive quantitative research with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. This research was conducted from April to June 2020 in the PGMI Nurul Jadid University. The research population is students of the PGMI who are still active in the 2019/2020 academic year. Mobile learning based on mobile devices is in the useful category with a frequency of 28 and a percentage of 75.67, the rest is in the fairly good category, a frequency of 3 is obtained with a percentage of 8.10%, in the very good category a frequency of 4 is obtained with a percentage of 10.82%, and less, obtained a frequency of 2 with a percentage of 5.40%.

Currently, e-learning is becoming an option as it can save the cost of education, time, and more flexible in its implementation. The main problem that arises is how to create e-learning content that is interesting and really fit the needs of the users. One way that can be done to optimize the content of e-learning is to analyze the user behavior. This study aims to analyze user (student) behavior in KALAM UMP, based on logs report (activity history), which is often called as behavioral tracking. First, the learning style of the students is determined based on Honey and Mumford Learning Styles Model by using Learning Styles Questionnaire. The analysis is done using SPSS 16.0 for Windows. The results shows that student with Reflector and Theorist learning styles access e-learning materials the most. From Spearman Correlation analysis, the relationship between learning styles and students’ behavior in e-learning is found to be very weak (r<sub>s</sub>=.276, p=.000), but statistically significant (p<0.05). In other words, students’ learning styles and behavior in e-learning have significant impacts on the improvement or degradation of students’ performance. Therefore, from the results of this study, an adaptive KALAM e-learning system which can suits the learning styles of UMP students is proposed. In adaptive e-learning system, students can access learning materials that match the students' learning needs and preferences.

This article reports on the findings of senior leadership interviews in a nationally funded project on distributed leadership in the quality management of online learning environments (OLEs) in higher education. Questions were framed around the development of an OLE quality management framework and the situation of the characteristics of distributed leadership at the core of the framework. The project’s premise is that distributed leadership is a descriptive reality of managing OLEs given the various leadership parties involved and the complexities of the contemporary technological landscape. Leaders’ understandings of distributed leadership were examined—its nature, value and potential for advancing the quality management of OLEs. There was confirmatory evidence of its reality, but its meaning and value were not uncritically accepted. It can be concluded that building distributed leadership must start through deliberative formal leadership commitment and action starting at the highest levels of the institution.

This paper explores the way to apply ChatGPT to mitigate the side effects of Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) in higher education from the perspectives of teachers and teaching. An interview with six university professors and two Information and Communication Technology (ICT) experts was conducted. The thematic analysis reveals two main categories of side effects, including educational philosophy and teaching skills. The data analysis also contends that ChatGPT offers a valuable tool to aid educators in overcoming these challenges by improving the personalization of PLEs, aligning PLEs with formal education requirements, and designing innovative assessments and enhancing learning engagement in PLEs. This study provides insights beneficial to practitioners, researchers, and policymakers by elucidating the challenges and opportunities associated with integrating ChatGPT with PLEs in higher education.

The main purpose of this paper is to discover gender spaces in virtual learning environments at the tertiary level. A considerable study has been done in the global north and global south on gender spaces in virtual learning environments. This study has been conducted using qualitative and review-based studies. It portrays a widespread analysis of published research documents from various speculative contexts. This study blends findings from the past few decades to examine gender spaces and virtual learning environments in higher education. The review emphasizes that such activities serve as vital platforms for virtual learning in higher education. The analysis is based on 116 peer-reviewed research published documents retrieved from reputable digital databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis, SAGE, Emerald Insight, and Springer Nature. Data collection has been continued until thematic permeation has been reached. A thematic analysis approach has been employed to present and interpret the qualitative nature of data. The study findings indicated that gender spaces shape participation in virtual learning environments in higher education. The study findings have been based on the empirical review of the published research documents on gender spaces and virtual learning environments in higher education. The study reveals that gender plays a noteworthy role in determining students' experiences, participation, and outcomes within virtual learning environments in higher education.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karekteristik gaya belajar VAK (visual, auditorial, kinestetik) siswa atau peserta didik di tingkat SMA. Gaya belajar merupakan modalitas belajar yang sangat penting. Informasi yang berhubungan dengan karakteristik gaya belajar siswa sangat penting bagi guru sehingga guru dapat memilih strategi pembelajaran yang tepat, yang dengan demikian akan meningkatkan kualitas pembelajarannya. Siswa juga akan lebih mudah memotivasi dirinya dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian non-ekspereimen dan tergolong dalam penelitian deskriptif analitis kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMAK St. Petrus Ende tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa angket/kuesioner yang diisi oleh subjek penelitian. Angket gaya belajar ini diisi 189 siswa kelas X SMAK St. Petrus Ende tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Hasil analisis gaya belajar siswa kelas Xa didominasi oleh gaya belajar auditorial (50%). Kelas Xb didominasi oleh gaya belajar auditorial (60,53%). Kelas Xc didominasi oleh gaya belajar auditorial (68,42%). Kelas Xd didominasi oleh gaya belajar gabungan visual dan auditorial (37,84%). Kelas Xe didominasi oleh gaya belajar auditorial (55,27%). Secara keseluruhan gaya belajar siswa kelas X SMAK St. Petrus Ende angkatan 2019/2020 didominasi oleh gaya belajar auditorial, yaitu sebesar 52,91%.

Reading is a fundamental skill for conveying information. Nowadays, various information is easily accessible quickly from many sources worldwide, so reading comprehension skills and mastering technology have been crucial for the challenges. Educators need a strategy to improve these skills. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning through Google Classroom in improving the reading comprehension of students with different learning styles. This study used a quasi-experimental with a 2×4 factorial design on the tenth-grade students at SMAN 1 Sindang, Indramayu. The VARK questionnaire and reading comprehension test were carried out by one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and two-way ANOVA with Tukey's. The study exposed the result of Problem-Based Learning through Google Classroom and the influence of the student's different learning styles on the reading comprehension learning outcomes. This research indicated that the strategy was effective, but the student's different learning styles did not affect their learning outcome. Thus, there was no interaction between the teaching strategy and students' learning styles in improving their reading comprehension learning outcomes. This study offered a new perception of the importance of considering student's learning styles in organizing the appropriate materials, learning activities, and assessments to improve reading comprehension. The contribution of this study to the ELT in advance was a new awareness of the effectiveness of multi-mode digital settings in fulfilling the student's needs. Thus, it is confirmed that recent education is designed to accommodate students anywhere and anytime.

The teacher's teaching style must be in accordance with the student's learning style. This is the same as the teacher's teaching style, which is the learning style of Chatib students, (2016). If teachers and educators already know the learning style that each individual has in the classroom, then this will help teachers in determining a good and more effective learning plan. Based on the results of the pre-observation conducted by the author, information was obtained that there were several students who during learning focused on the learning process given by the teacher. Other students who were mainly in the back position were lazy. In addition, there are students who like to disturb their friends to study. This observation shows the difference in learning styles of the students. This research is a type of correlational descriptive quantitative research. The population used in this study is 131 students registered in the 2024/2025 school year with a sample of 98 students selected using the Simple Random Sampling technique. Data collection in this study uses a learning style questionnaire and report card scores for learning outcomes. The data was processed using percentage analysis techniques and to test the relationship of the analysis data using the Pearson product moment formula. The results of the study found that in general, the learning style of SMPN 42 Padang students is in the sufficient category. Then, the learning outcomes of SMPN 42 Padang students are in the poor category. After conducting a correlation test analysis using the SPSS program, the results showed that there was a positive relationship between learning style and learning outcomes of SMP 42 Padang students with a correlation coefficient value of X and Y variables of 0.227 with a level of 0.024 with a total of 98 students.

Every student certainly demonstrates different achievement in their Chinese language learning process, because every student has their own individual way to take to resolve their problems in learning. In learning process, students’ individual differences exist. These differences lead to different learning speed and learning style of the student. These individual differences has an important influence for teachers’ teaching and the development of student’s learning. So, understanding students’ individual differences is a benefit for teaching. In other words, if teachers can use teaching strategies that match with students’ learning styles and learning strategies, it will enhance effectiveness of the teaching, and also enhance the students' learning effectiveness and their learning achievement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation among learning styles, learning strategies, and learning achievement among Indonesian Student at Chinese Department, Binus University. This study is based on Reid’s learning styles theory and Oxford’s learning strategies theory, and also use Reid’s Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire (PLSPQ) and Oxford’s Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) to investigate student’s learning styles and learning strategies. The participants are 2009-2013 academic year first-grade, second grade, third grade and fourth grade students from Chinese Department, Binus University, 232 students took the learning styles and learning strategies measure test. The results of the test are for understanding student’ learning styles and learning strategies preference, and also for comparison of the results with student achievement to see whether it is relevant or not. Finnally, according to the results of this study, researcher provided teachers with teaching strategies that match with student’ learning styles and learning startegies. The main finding of this study is that student’s learning style preference is group style and students were using social strategies as their learning strategy. According to the student learning style and learning strategy preference results, student are prefer to learn together with others or in group and learning in a more interactive way. Researcher suggests that teachers can use cooperative language learning as teaching strategies. Cooperative language learning approach makes students learning through group interaction. This approach emphasis on mutual support and team learning of the students, in order to enhance learning result and students’ communicative competence. Finally, based on the results of research, reseacher give suggestions for Chinese Department of Binus University students in learning, for easier way in order absorb, retain and learn new information, students must be more aware of their learning styles and learning strategies; for teachers in teaching, hope teachers can design teaching strategies that suit Chinese Department of Binus University student’s learning styles and learning strategies, using an interactively learning activities. It is expected that this research not just can enhance student learning achievement, but also for the development of education in Chinese Department of Binus University.

This study aims to examine the influence of gender on the adoption of a virtual learning environment (VLE) in higher education in Ghana during COVID-19 restrictions. A survey approach was used, with a total sample of 488 responses from the University of Professional Studies, Accra. To reveal gender differences, both male and female respondents were subjected to a multi-group analysis. The factors impacting students’ intention to use VLE were determined using the structural equation modeling approach employing SmartPLS 3.3.3 software. Accordingly, both gender groups show that subjective norm elements significantly influence intention to adopt VLE; however, the male group (β = 0.873, p = 0.000) reports more significant influences than the female group (β = 0.571, p = 0.000). The study establishes that the newly incorporated construct in the theory of planned behavior, attitudes towards social distancing, significantly affects males’ behavioral intention to use VLE more than their female peers. This result demonstrates the robustness of the theory of planned behavior for evaluating technology acceptance research.

PurposeThis study concentrates on South Korean university students' attitude towards cooperative learning by utilizing the “Student Attitudes toward Group Environments” survey (n = 427–181 female and 246 male) originally developed by Kouros and Abrami (2006).Design/methodology/approachThe purpose of this study is to unfold what factors affect the cooperative learning environment in the Higher Education context of South Korea, which is known as a collectivist society, and conduct comparative analysis on gender, department type, GPA level and school year as variables in the perception of cooperative learning. The factor analysis findings demonstrated that there are four factors influencing students' attitude about cooperative learning environments in South Korean higher education; “frustrations with group members”, “peer support”, “fairness” and “quality of product and process”. Moreover, the gender, type of department, school year and GPA variables were yielded statistically differentiating results.FindingsThe overall results showed that effective cooperative learning strategies depend on the type of culture and other demographic variables including learner's gender, department type and school year. In South Korea, known to have a collectivist culture, fairness has appeared as a new criteria needing to be considered when designing a cooperative learning environment, which is a different case than in individualistic cultures. Thus, when employing cooperative learning strategies in South Korea, educators should take learners' culture into consideration. For this, educators might utilize the final instrument of this study as a guideline or criteria to establish an effective cooperative learning environment.Originality/valueThis article provides an example from South Korea which is known as both a collectivist and high-tech country.

Context Recognizing the preferred learning style of professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students will equip educators to more effectively improve their teaching methods and optimize student learning. Objective To determine the preferred learning style of professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students using Marshall and Merritt's Student Learning Style Questionnaire based on Kolb's theory of experiential learning. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Colleges with Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education accredited professional undergraduate and/or graduate athletic training programs. Patients or Other Participants Four hundred twenty-nine students (men = 125, women = 303, not available = 1) from 88 professional undergraduate programs and 69 students (men = 27, women = 42) from 21 professional graduate programs. Intervention(s) A 40-item Student Learning Style Questionnaire (LSQ) was administered. Participants chose between words that were characteristic of how they learn. After scoring the LSQ, the learning style preferences were determined. The styles were Diverger, Assimilator, Converger, or Accommodator. Main Outcome Measure(s) Learning Style Questionnaire survey scores were used to determine the preferred learning style of male and female professional undergraduate athletic training students, male and female professional graduate athletic training students, and any significant differences between learning styles. The χ2 goodness of fit test and χ2 test of independence were used to compare differences between the groups. Results A significant difference (P ≤ .0001) was observed between learning styles. The Diverger style was preferred by both professional undergraduate and graduate athletic training students. We found no significant difference in preferred learning style between the undergraduate and graduate student groups or between men and women. Conclusions Although undergraduate and graduate athletic training students have a variety of learning styles, the Diverger style of learning, which relies on concrete experience and reflective observation, was preferred in our study. Educators should provide learning opportunities in a variety of ways to reach all preferred learning styles.