Abstract
The construction sector is a key component of a nation’s gross domestic product, but its inherent nature results in potentially dangerous conditions that affect the safety of all workers on construction projects (CPs). Therefore, the original idea of the research is to determine the relationship between safety system (SS) during the implementation phase (IPh) of CPs and the minimisation of waste (materials, time and cost). Achieving a lean construction work requires suitable planning, safety considerations and waste resource minimisation throughout the project cycle. This research aims to identify and rank the safety factors during the IPh of a CP, which will have positive effects on minimising waste. Information and data were gathered from the existing literature and the structured interviews and questionnaire survey conducted among 111 randomly selected construction companies. Questionnaire results were evaluated using statistical tools, such as hypothesis testing, analysis of variance and linear regression. This research identified and ranked 24 important safety factors with positive effects on minimising waste in CPs during IPh. The seven most important safety factors that should be considered to minimise material, time and cost wastage are as follows: handling, management, external factors, workers, procurement, site condition and appropriate scaffolding for SS. The best linear model was developed on the basis of the importance index of the identified factors. This model can predict the minimisation of waste (materials, time and cost) in CPs by using SS. Thus, the safety criteria and SS should be used during IPh to minimise waste on the basis of the developed model.
Highlights
Construction projects (CPs) have been identified as one of the most hazardous industries [1,2,3].Injuries lead to the suffering of people, unnecessary compensation costs, time overrun, productivity and efficiency reduction, material wastage and increased rate of employee turnover
This research and proposed model contribute to waste reduction in CPs; they have a positive effect on the environment, economy and occupational health in any country
Cronbach’s alpha and split half (Spearman–Brown) for reliability statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficients for validity, Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) test for normality distribution, One-sample t-test to determine if the null hypothesis that the mean of a distribution is equal to a certain value is supported, Independent-sample t-test to examine if a statistically significant difference exists in rank mean between two groups, ANOVA to check for any significant difference between more than two groups, Linear regression model to relate safety factors to Construction waste (CW), Effect size to measure the strength of the relationship between two variables on a numeric scale
Summary
Construction projects (CPs) have been identified as one of the most hazardous industries [1,2,3]. Safety is critical for improving productivity and efficiency in CPs. To complete a CP at the lowest cost, highest quality and shortest time, increased attention and commitment must be provided to a safety system (SS) during the implementation stage, and all construction plans must include safety consideration. This study determined the relationship between commitment to SS during IPh and CW (material, time and cost overruns) in CPs. This study determined the relationship between commitment to SS during IPh and CW (material, time and cost overruns) in CPs This objective was achieved by identifying and ranking the most important safety factors (24 factors) during the implementation phase (IPh) that have positive effects on waste minimisation and by building a model on the basis of these factors to minimise CW using. This research and proposed model contribute to waste (materials, time and cost) reduction in CPs; they have a positive effect on the environment, economy and occupational health in any country. The sample used to identify the safety factors belongs to a developing country, the research procedure described in this study could be used for any country
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