Abstract
To facilitate the possible technology and demand changes in a renewable-energy dominated future energy system, an integrated approach that involves Renewable Energy Sources (RES)-based generation, cutting-edge communication strategies, and advanced Demand Side Management (DSM) is essential. A Home Energy Management System (HEMS) with integrated Demand Response (DR) programs is able to perform optimal coordination and scheduling of various smart appliances. This paper develops an advanced DSM framework for microgrids, which encompasses modeling of a microgrid, inclusion of a smart HEMS comprising of smart load monitoring and an intelligent load controller, and finally, incorporation of a DR strategy to reduce peak demand and energy costs. Effectiveness of the proposed framework is assessed through a case study analysis, by investigation of DR opportunities and identification of energy savings for the developed model on a typical summer day in Western Australia. From the case study analysis, it is evident that a maximum amount of 2.95 kWh energy can be shifted to low demand periods, which provides a total daily energy savings of 3%. The total energy cost per day is AU$2.50 and AU$3.49 for a house with and without HEMS, respectively. Finally, maximum possible peak shaving, maximum shiftable energy, and maximum standby power losses and energy cost savings with or without HEMS have been calculated to identify the energy saving opportunities of the proposed strategy for a microgrid of 100 houses with solar, wind, and a back-up diesel generator in the generation side.
Highlights
Modern electric power systems are going through a revolutionary change because of increasing demand for electric power worldwide
This study developed an intelligent decision-supporting load controller for a Home Energy Management System (HEMS) based on a fuzzy logic algorithm, which can help consumers to save energy costs while satisfying their comfort levels and assisting the utility to manage their network voltage during peak demand and high Renewable Energy Sources (RES) generation periods
A comprehensive demand side management framework incorporating a smart fuzzy load controller and demand response in a microgrid environment has been proposed in this study to mitigate peak demand, power loss, and grid inefficiency, as well as to reduce energy costs
Summary
Modern electric power systems are going through a revolutionary change because of increasing demand for electric power worldwide. The study in [29] proposes a more sophisticated strategy for smart homes that merges a Bluetooth low-energy based wireless network with the home appliances to communicate with a HEMS architecture that was ameliorated by a fuzzy-based approach Their results illustrate higher efficiency in contribution to comfort levels of the users by putting a limited delay factor on each appliance and decreasing peak demand and overall consumption, resulting in significant cost reduction. The developed smart HEMS in DSM is a fuzzy, logic-based load controller which optimizes household appliances based on the available renewable generation in the microgrid, local voltage measurements from the smart meter, weather conditions (temperature), and consumer consumption preferences, as well as TOU prices and DLC signals from utility. The smart HEMS can significantly reduce the consumer’s energy consumption, standby power loss, and energy costs, while maintaining the consumer’s comfort levels
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