IMPERATIVES OF THE GLOBAL GRAIN MARKET DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The imperatives of the global grain market development, in the context of the strengthening of global integration processes, were analyzed, within the framework of which it was established that the improvement of the efficiency of grain production at the global level is currently being observed. However, even under the conditions of maintaining the existing rates of its development, the exacerbation of the food crisis remains a significant problem in variety of world regions. Based on grain production key parameters analysis, its producers main problems were detected. A number of such factors as the limited potential for agricultural land expansion (and relatively, the area of arable land), the formation of infrastructure, the need to ensure environmental sustainability, etc., increase the turbulence of their economic activity. Growing competition for these resources can lead to their further overexploitation and destabilization of ecosystems. Taking into account innovative approaches to the economic activity implementation, the factors and determinants of the available production involvement optimization are defined. It was established that the cereal yields varies between groups of countries with different economic system development degrees. In particular, there are very large its differences between high- and low-income countries. Its level is almost twice as high in the former as in the latter. Within the agricultural activities of some low-income countries, it is still possible to find the implementation of only the first, second or third industrial revolution achievements. It was determined that the increase in economic efficiency of the grain market suppliers within developed economy countries and, partially, with a developing economy, occurs mostly due to the production technological modernization (accordingly to the fourth industrial revolution level). At the same time, the use of high-tech tools with no-increasing the cultivated arias volume and simultaneously maintaining produc- tivity require a greater number of highly qualified workers and a corresponding redistribution of the workforce. The strategic directions of the grain production intensification in the regional section are substantiated considering creating conditions for leveling the food crisis.