Impact of UNDP’s Initiated Projects on Socio-Economic Development of Women: A Study of Rural Punjab, Pakistan

PROTOCOL: Access to Electricity for Improving Health, Education and Welfare in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Education as a breaker of poverty: a critical perspective

Perishing Heritage:

Joan Brown, a college student in Atlanta, Georgia, wakes up in the morning to an electronic alarm clock before she microwaves breakfast, takes a hot shower, grabs a latte at Starbucks, and drives h...

Dans un pays en voie de developpement comme l'Inde, la fracture numerique menace d'accentuer les inegalites entre riches et pauvres. L'acces aux connaissances constitue pourtant la fondation du developpement de ces pays. L'efficacite du role des ONG (Organisations Non-Gouvernementales) repose sur l'utilisation de l'internet et la mise en reseau de leurs informations. Le projet indev doit permettre de resorber la fracture numerique au sein des ONG et de repondre a leurs besoins en matiere d'information du developpement, de technologie, de logiciel et de formation.

Mountain Biodiversity Is Central to Sustainable Development in Mountains and Beyond

Clinician Perspectives on Ethics and COVID-19: Minding the Gap in Sexual and Reproductive Health.

This paper examines economic explanations of governmental basic human rights performance in more than one hundred nations. Following Henry Shue's conceptualization of basic rights, I analyze a set of key economic variables (level of development, income distribution, rate of growth, foreign trade, and foreign investment) in terms of their impact on basic socioeconomic and political rights (defined here are subsistence and security rights).Drawing on criticisms of the existing literature, the paper calls for a new empirical approach to cross‐regional comparative human rights studies. The article first conceptualizes and operationalizes the concept of basic rights. It then provides a critical review of the relevant literature on economic explanations of rights. Analyzing both individual and combined effects by using correlations analysis, cross‐tabulations, bivariate and multiple regression techniques, I interpret my findings as follows: Basic human rights performance is much more varied across nations of comparable economic background than indicated by most other studies of a similar nature. While economic conditions have a significant impact on all basic rights, there are, nevertheless, important differences with respect to the type of basic right and the specific economic variable concerned. Security rights tend to be less affected by economic factors than subsistence rights. Below the threshold of about $1,000 Gross National Product (GNP)/capita income countries are generally unable to guarantee even a modicum of subsistence rights. While level of development can explain close to 50% of the variation in basic human rights performance, income distribution becomes more crucial the more developed nations are. Other findings show foreign trade to have a significantly negative impact on security rights while being somewhat positively related with subsistence rights.

Gender ICT and Millennium Development Goals

Gender ICT and Millennium Development Goals

Gender ICT and Millennium Development Goals

The study appraised the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)’s intervention programmes on community development in Lagos State. Multiple regression analysis, using ordinary least square (OLS) techniques of data analysis will be used to test Hypotheses. OLS techniques of data analysis constitute inferential statistics. The hypotheses will be tested at 5% (percent) level of significance. Finding suggests that UNDP’s humanitarian assistance programme does not significantly enhance community development in the selected communities in Lagos state. The study also revealed that UNDP’s empowerment programme does not significantly enhance community development in the selected communities of Lagos State. The findings of this study highlight the non-positive impact of UNDP programmes on community development in selected communities in Lagos State. Building upon these insights, the following comprehensive recommendations are provided for consideration by UNDP development Partner. UNDP, in collaboration with relevant governmental and non-governmental agencies, should reinforce humanitarian assistance programs. Emphasis should be placed on the development of long-term strategies that address the root causes of socio-economic challenges, ensuring sustained positive impacts on community development. UNDP's women empowerment programmes should be expanded and tailored to address specific challenges faced by women in the selected communities. Efforts should include capacity-building initiatives, promoting entrepreneurship, and fostering gender equality to empower women as key contributors to community development.

According to the UN World Tourism Organization’s (UNWTO) rules, this organization’s aim is to promote tourism through economic development, international understanding, peace, security, basic human rights and freedom, and to show respect throughout the world without exception of race, gender or religion. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) was founded in 1924 under the United Nations and it has been continuing its activities in Madrid, Spain since 1970. The World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) takes all necessary measures with tourism in order to achieve its goals. The UNWTO pays strict attention to the interests of developing countries in the field of tourism. For this reason, the UNWTO has a close relationship in the tourism field with the United Nations’ authorities and specialized institutions. It deals with the tourism problems of all countries and supports their contributions to tourism by international agreements. On the other hand, the UNWTO is cooperating with the United Nations Development Program and tries to contribute to the activities of this program. All countries are expected to be a member of the UNWTO and adopt its principles, because tourism will make it possible for them to increase National Income and Development. Macedonia hasn’t applied to be a member of this organization yet, but it is important to start the attempts immediately.

The article examines the main aspects of Ukraine’s cooperation with international organizations in the field of environmental security. This is an important factor in ensuring sustainable development, adaptation to global environmental challenges and the implementation of international environmental standards. It is emphasized that within the framework of cooperation with the United Nations Development Program, the United Nations Environment Program, the European Union and other international institutions, Ukraine is implementing a number of strategic programs aimed at environmental protection, combating climate change, natural resource management and ecological rehabilitation of territories affected by armed conflict. The United Nations Development Program plays a significant role in this process, providing technical and financial support for the implementation of environmental initiatives, modernization of the waste management system, development of renewable energy and implementation of the principles of the «green economy». It is noted that the UN Environment Program carries out independent monitoring of the state of the environment in Ukraine, providing recommendations on overcoming environmental crises and reducing the impact of military actions on natural ecosystems. It is emphasized that joint programs of UNDP and Ukraine are aimed at creating sustainable environmental solutions and strengthening national potential in the environmental sphere. They contribute to the integration of environmental security into state policy, which is an important step on the path to sustainable development of the country. Some aspects of cooperation with the EU are analyzed. One of the key areas is the harmonization of Ukraine’s environmental legislation with EU norms and standards. An important aspect is Ukraine’s participation in EU-funded programs, such as the LIFE Programme, Horizon Europe, and the European Climate Initiative, which contribute to the implementation of environmental reforms and support for local communities in implementing environmental measures. It is concluded that international environmental cooperation contributes to increasing the level of environmental security of Ukraine. Financial and technical support from international organizations allows for the implementation of environmental reforms, adaptation of national legislation to European standards, and improvement of the efficiency of natural resource management.

This dissertation project examines the Social Protection Floor Initiative (SPF-I), a global social policy initiative that brought together various international organizations which have traditionally had divergent social policy approaches. Since the launch of the SPF-I in 2009, most of the major international organizations in the development field became part of the Initiative and engaged in the Social Protection Floor (SPF) policy at varying levels. This project focuses on six international organizations, namely the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The overarching research question is, “what explains the extent of, and the variation in, the international organizations’ adoption of a given policy (in this case, the SPF)?” In order to explain the extent of policy adoption in international organizations, a policy adoption matrix has been developed. This matrix helps to identify each international organization as a policy leader, policy follower, or policy supporter based on the following parameters: the speed and the timing of policy adoption, the level of commitment, the breadth of organizational buy-in, and the scope of policy adoption. While the UNICEF, the UNDP, and the WHO are identified as policy leaders, the OECD is identified as a policy follower, and the World Bank and the IMF are identified as policy supporters. Next, this study explains why these international organizations are policy leaders, followers, or supporters. The analysis of policy adoption in the six international organizations reveals that: (i) the presence of policy entrepreneurs within relevant networks and the policy’s good fit in the organizations’ outlook explain why the UNICEF, the UNDP, and the WHO are policy leaders, (ii) the role of member states and the policy’s poor fit in the organization’s outlook explain the OECD’s role as a policy follower, and (iii) the external pressures and the policy’s poor fit in the organizations’ outlook explain why the World Bank and the IMF are policy supporters. This analysis concludes with an analytical framework towards a theory of policy adoption in international organizations.