Abstract
Hot melt coating (HMC) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powder with lipid-based excipients is an innovative method for manufacturing patient-convenient dosage forms. However, drug release instability is still its main industrial challenge. The correlation between the unstable pharmaceutical product performance with the solid-state alteration of lipids is currently well-investigated. The remaining problem is the inconsistent release alteration of different APIs coated with the same lipid after storage, such as faster release in some cases and slower release in others. The interaction between API surface and lipid-based coating and its alteration during storage were investigated in this work. The surface properties of five different APIs and the coating composition of tripalmitin and polysorbate 65 were screened via Washburn and pendant drop methods, respectively. Metformin hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide particles were each coated with the coating composition. The water sorption alteration of coated particles and the crystal growth of tripalmitin in the coating after storage were measured via tensiometry and X-ray diffraction. The cleavage work necessary to overcome the adhesion of coating composition on the core surface was calculated for each API. The accelerated release of the polar core (metformin) after storage was correlated with a low cleavage work and a distinctive phase separation. In contrast, a decelerated release of the hydrophobic core (hydrochlorothiazide) was favored by the crystal growth of the lipid-based coating. The gained knowledge can be used to design the product stability during the formulation development.
Highlights
Direct hot melt coating of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) powder without pretreatment to granules or pellets is an innovative and economical method for manufacturing multiparticulate systems (MPS) as patient‐convenient dosage forms
We developed a two‐phasic lipid‐ based coating formulation composing tripalmitin (PPP) and polysorbate 65 (PS 65) for hot melt coating of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) crystals [1,3]
During storage at 40 °C and 75% RH, temperature‐dependent crystal growth of PPP in the coating was more favored by hydrophobic HCT core
Summary
Direct hot melt coating of API powder without pretreatment to granules or pellets is an innovative and economical method for manufacturing multiparticulate systems (MPS) as patient‐convenient dosage forms. MPS are easy to swallow, and their manufacturing requires a smaller amount of excipients than other oral dosage forms, e.g., tablets. The challenge of lipid‐based formulations is, their instability during storage [3]. A large body of investigations showed the correlation between the monotropic polymorphism of lipids and the instability of their pharmaceutical prod‐ ucts [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. We developed a two‐phasic lipid‐ based coating formulation composing tripalmitin (PPP) and polysorbate 65 (PS 65) for hot melt coating of N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) crystals [1,3]
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