Impact of presence and degree of pretreatment weight loss in locally-advanced pancreatic cancer patients treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy

Abstract

BackgroundTo assess the impact of the presence and degree of pretreatment weight loss (WL) on the survival of locally-advanced pancreas cancer (LAPC) patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT). MethodsSeventy-three patients who received 50.4 Gy C-CRT were analyzed. All patients underwent laparoscopy (n = 18) or laparotomy (n = 55), and biopsies were obtained for histologic examination of the primary tumor and enlarged/metabolically active regional lymph nodes. Pretreatment WL and percentage WL (PWL) were calculated by utilizing data obtained 6 months prior to and during hospital admission. The primary objective was to assess the influence WL status on overall survival (OS), and the secondary objective was the identification of a PWL cut-off value, if available. ResultsForty-five (61.6%) patients had WL. Median OS was 14.4 months for the entire study population which was significantly longer in the non-WL than the WL cohort (21.4 vs. 11.3 months; p < 0.003). On further analysis a cut-off value of 3.1% was identified for WL. Accordingly, patients with WL < 3.1% had significantly longer OS than those with WL ≥ 3.1% (25.8 vs. 10.1 months; p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, both the WL status (p < 0.001) and PWL (p = 0.002) retained their independent significance. ConclusionBoth the presence and degree of WL prior to C-CRT had strong adverse effects on the survival of LAPC patients, even if they presented with a BMI > 20 kg/m2. Additionally, a WL of ≥3.1% in the last 6 months appeared to be a strong cut-off for the stratification of such patients into distinctive survival groups.