Abstract

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has caused the recent pandemic worldwide. Research studies are focused on various factors affecting the pandemic to find effective vaccine or therapeutics against COVID-19. Environmental factors are the important regulators of COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to determine the impact of weather on the COVID-19 cases, fatalities and frequency of mutations in Bangladesh. The impacts were determined on 1, 7 and 14 days of the case. The study was conducted based on Spearman's correlation coefficients. The highest correlation was found between population density and cases (rs = 0.712). Among metrological parameters, average temperature had the strongest correlation (rs = -0.675) with the cases. About 82% of Bangladeshi isolates had D614G at spike protein. Both temperature and UV index had strong effects on the frequency of mutations. Among host factors, coinfection is highly associated with frequency of different mutations. This study will give a complete picture of the effects of metrological parameters on COVID-19 cases, fatalities and mutation frequency that will help the authorities to take proper decisions.

Highlights

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has triggered the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide [1, 2]

  • Temperature is the most significant factor related with COVID-19 pandemic

  • The lowest temperature was recorded in Rangpur (14 °C) on 14 March 2020 and the highest temperature was found in Dhaka (38 °C) on 02 July 2020

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Summary

Introduction

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (family − Coronaviridae) has triggered the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic worldwide [1, 2]. Other viruses of this family − severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus and Middle East severe acute respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus have caused local outbreaks in the past [3]. As of 12 August 2020, COVID-19 has infected 19 936 210 individuals and caused the death of 732 499 infected persons in 220 countries and territories worldwide [4]. COVID-19 is one of the major health burdens worldwide [5, 6]

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