Abstract
A greater insight on the control of the interactions between microalgae and other microorganisms, particularly bacteria, should be useful for enhancing the efficiency of microalgal biomass production and associated valuable compounds. Little attention has been paid to the controlled utilization of microalgae-bacteria consortia. However, the studies of microalgal-bacterial interactions have revealed a significant impact of the mutualistic or parasitic relationships on algal growth. The algal growth, for instance, has been shown to be enhanced by growth promoting factors produced by bacteria, such as indole-3-acetic acid. Vitamin B12 produced by bacteria in algal cultures and bacterial siderophores are also known to be involved in promoting faster microalgal growth. More interestingly, enhancement in the intracellular levels of carbohydrates, lipids and pigments of microalgae coupled with algal growth stimulation has also been reported. In this sense, massive algal production might occur in the presence of bacteria, and microalgae-bacteria interactions can be beneficial to the massive production of microalgae and algal products. This manuscript reviews the recent knowledge on the impact of the microalgae-bacteria interactions on the production of microalgae and accumulation of valuable compounds, with an emphasis on algal species having application in aquaculture.
Highlights
The evolution of algae and bacteria cannot be understood properly if taken individually.They influence ecosystems together and represent all conceivable modes of mutual interactions between different organisms, ranging from mutualism to parasitism
Fragmentary knowledge has already been gathered on the chemical nature of a number of exchanged mediator molecules, including nutrients, which clearly regulate the relationship between microalgae and bacteria
The chemical complexity of the microalgae-bacteria interactions includes a wide variety of molecular signals, exchanged metabolites, transporters and the molecules whose functions still have to be investigated
Summary
The evolution of algae and bacteria cannot be understood properly if taken individually. They influence ecosystems together and represent all conceivable modes of mutual interactions between different organisms, ranging from mutualism to parasitism. The knowledge and control of the mechanisms involved in microalgae-bacteria interaction could help improve the algal biomass in microalgae production processes. This manuscript reviews the recent knowledge on the microalgae-bacteria interaction and how it influences the production of microalgae and associated algal compounds.
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