Impact of material property modifications on optical performance: a multidisciplinary study in the human eye under different intraocular pressures

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This study integrates mechanical and optical analyses to provide a robust framework for determining eye parameters and predicting visual changes under specific environmental or physical conditions. A 3D microstructural finite element model of the healthy human eye with elastic and viscoelastic properties was created and subjected to idealized and physiological intraocular pressure (IOP) load boundaries. It was our goal to investigate how the cornea, limbus, zonulas, and lens properties changed and how these changes affected key optical parameters such as focal length, Strehl ratio, and the RMS wave. The findings underscore the intricate role these factors play, highlight the significant role limbus play in preserving optimal visual function, and reveal biomechanical thresholds essential for maintaining ocular stability. A non-linear relationship was observed, in which moderate increases in stiffness of the limbus enhance stability while excessive stiffness compromises adaptability. This interdisciplinary approach advances our understanding of biomechanical and optical coupling, which is essential for vision optimization.