Impact of Hemodialysis on Left Ventricular Mass in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Context: Cardiac structural and functional abnormalities are very commonly seen in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of hemodialysis (HD) on left ventricular mass (LVM) over a short period. Settings and Design: This study was a prospective observational study. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-five patients with ESRD, enrolled for HD from January 2018 to December 2019 at tertiary care hospital, were evaluated. All patients underwent two-dimensional echocardiography at the initiation of HD and 3 months later. Statistical Analysis Used: The software used in the analysis was SPSS 22.0 version and Graph Pad Prism 7.0 version. The paired t-test was used to analyze quantitative data. The Chi-square test was used for qualitative data. Data were analyzed by paired t-test. Results: The mean age of the cases was 44.92 ± 13.78 years. The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in diastole, interventricular septum diameter in diastole, and posterior wall diameter in diastole decreased significantly (3.36 mm, −1.40 mm, and − 1.24 mm, respectively, P = 0.001, S) at the end of 3 months. The LVM and LVM index (LVMI) decreased significantly (−57.25 g and − 32.48 g/m2, respectively, P = 0.001, S) at the end of 3 months. At the end of 3 months, LVMI decreased significantly (148.24 ± 41.26 g/m2 vs. 115.76 ± 34.24 g/m2) which correlates with the increase in hemoglobin (7.62 ± 1.63 gm/dl vs. 8.44 ± 0.81 gm/dl) (P = 0.004, S), with improvement in BP (systolic 141.28 ± 21.70 to 136.32 ± 13.87 & diastolic 86.16 ± 011.40 to 84.40 ± 8.36 mm of Hg) (P = 0.004, S) and with improvement in transferrin saturation (TSAT %) (30.05% ± 13.82% vs. 39.61% ± 14.32%) (P = 0.001, S). Conclusion: In patients with ESRD, cardiac dimensions were higher and LVM was increased at the initiation of HD. We found that LVMI regressed significantly with HD with optimum dry weight.