Abstract
BackgroundThe bioactivities of commensal duodenal microbiota greatly influence the biofunction of hosts. We investigated the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in extra-gastroduodenal diseases by determining the impact of H. pylori infection on the duodenal microbiota. We sequenced 16 S rRNA genes in samples aspirated from the descending duodenum of 47 (male, 20; female, 27) individuals who were screened for gastric cancer. Samples were analysed using 16 S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and the LEFSe and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes methods were used to determine whether the duodenal microflora and microbial biofunctions were affected using H. pylori infection.ResultsThirteen and 34 participants tested positive and negative for H. pylori, respectively. We identified 1,404 bacterial operational taxonomic units from 23 phyla and 253 genera. H. pylori infection changed the relative mean abundance of three phyla (Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and TM7) and ten genera (Neisseria, Rothia, TM7-3, Leptotrichia, Lachnospiraceae, Megasphaera, F16, Moryella, Filifactor, and Paludibacter). Microbiota features were significantly influenced in H. pylori-positive participants by 12 taxa mostly classified as Gammaproteobacteria. Microbial functional annotation revealed that H. pylori significantly affected 12 microbial metabolic pathways.ConclusionsH. pylori disrupted normal bacterial communities in the duodenum and changed the biofunctions of commensal microbiota primarily by upregulating specific metabolic pathways. Such upregulation may be involved in the onset of diseases associated with H. pylori infection.
Highlights
The bioactivities of commensal duodenal microbiota greatly influence the biofunction of hosts
Schulz et al [11] found that H. pylori infection alters the duodenal microbiota based on evidence from reverse-transcribed 16 S rRNA and that the same results were derived from duodenal biopsies and aspirates
These findings suggest that alteration in the duodenal microbiota induced by H. pylori infection is related to the onset of various extra-gastroduodenal diseases
Summary
The bioactivities of commensal duodenal microbiota greatly influence the biofunction of hosts. Maeda et al BMC Microbiology (2022) 22:27 intestine, including the duodenum, are regulated by eating stimuli and information arising from the intraluminal environment These hormones regulate widespread biofunctions, such as metabolism, biosynthesis, feeding behaviour, and gastrointestinal functions [9, 10]. Schulz et al [11] found that H. pylori infection alters the duodenal microbiota based on evidence from reverse-transcribed 16 S rRNA and that the same results were derived from duodenal biopsies and aspirates These findings suggest that alteration in the duodenal microbiota induced by H. pylori infection is related to the onset of various extra-gastroduodenal diseases. This is because some degradation products of digestion, attributed to duodenal microbial biofunction, act as chemical effectors on host biofunctions [12, 13]
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