Abstract
Natural convection characteristics in a 2D square enclosure (10 mm x 10 mm) have been investigated detailly under natural convection conditions (103≤Gr≤105). A model has been developed to analyze the dispersed nanoparticle effect on natural convection performance in an enclosure. The left vertical wall is maintained at a high temperature, while the right vertical wall is kept at a low temperature, whereas horizontal walls are assumed to be insulated. Fe3O4/water (0≤φ≤1.0) nanofluid has been utilized to analyze the convection enhancement in the enclosure. To elucidate flow characteristics and heat transfer performance of Fe3O4/water nanofluid, temperature, velocity streamline, and vorticity contours have been taken place. It is concluded that nanoparticle dispersion in base fluid enhances the natural convection heat transfer. Also, Grashof number has an important role in heat transfer mechanism
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