Abstract
This paper presents an innovative instantaneous pricing scheme for optimal operation and improved reliability for distribution systems (DS). The purpose of the proposed program is to maximize the operator’s expected profit under various risk-taking conditions, such that the customers pay the minimum cost to supply energy. Using the previous information of the energy consumption for each customer, a customer baseline load (CBL) is defined; the energy price for consumption costs higher and lower than this level would be different. The proposed scheme calculates the difference between the baseline load and the consumption curve with the electricity market price instead of calculating the total consumption of the customers with the unstable price of the electricity market, which is uncertain. In the proposed tariff, the developed cost and load models are included in the distribution system operation problem, and the objective function is modeled as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. Also, the effect of demand response (DR) and elasticity on the load curve, the final profit of the distribution system operator, and payment risk and operation costs are examined. Since there are various uncertainties in the smart distribution grid, the calculations being time-consuming and volumetric is important in the evaluation of reliability indices. Thus, when computation volume can be decreased and computation speed can be increased, analytical reliability analysis methods can be used, as they were in the present work. Finally, the changes in the reliability indices were calculated for the ratio of the customers’ sensitivity to the price and the customers’ participation in the proposed tariff using an analytical method based on Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The results showed the efficiency of the proposed method in increasing the operator profit, reducing the operation costs, and enhancing the reliability indices.
Highlights
An instantaneous pricing scheme is proposed for optimal operation and
The numerical studies showed that employing this study, instantaneous pricing is load proposed optimal operation theInproposed tariffanreduced the load peak andscheme made the profilefor more uniform by andmotivating improved reliability of distribution systems
The results showed that as the other tomers’ invoices are decreased, and the final profit of the DSO is increased
Summary
As the main part of future smart grids, plays a significant role in instantaneous pricing tariffs in the electricity industry. The instantaneous pricing tariff is known as the most direct and efficient price-based demand response approach. There is a direct relationship between customers’ power consumption and the electricity price. In this type of load, selecting a demand response program is of great importance [3]. An instantaneous pricing tariff program should be designed such that the operation costs are reduced and the distribution network reliability is increased. Various studies have been presented on energy pricing and reducing the distribution costs among customers [4]. The best pricebased demand response program in distribution networks that can increase the operators’
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