Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to analyse the impact of patient-related risk factors and medication drugs on haemorrhagic complications following cholecystectomy.MethodsAll cholecystectomies registered in the Swedish population-based Register for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks) were identified. Risk factors for bleeding were assessed by linking data in the GallRiks to the National Patient Register and the Prescribed Drug Register, respectively. The risk of haemorrhage leading to intervention was determined by variable regression, and Kaplan–Meier analysis assessed survival rate following perioperative haemorrhage.ResultsA total of 94,557 patients were included between 2005 and 2015, of which 799 (0.8%) and 1192 (1.3%) patients were registered as having perioperative and post-operative haemorrhage, respectively. In multivariable analysis, an increased risk of haemorrhagic complications was seen in patients with cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.001), previous myocardial infarction (p = 0.001), kidney disease (p = 0.001), heart failure (p = 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (p = 0.004), and obesity (p = 0.005). Prescription of tricyclic antidepressant (p = 0.018) or dipyridamole (p = 0.047) was associated with a significantly increased risk of perioperative haemorrhage. However, this increase in risk did not remain significant following Bonferroni correction for mass significance. Perioperative haemorrhage increased the risk of death occurring within the first post-operative year [Hazard Ratio, (HR) 4.9, CI 3.52–6.93] as well as bile duct injury (OR 2.45, CI 1.79–3.37).ConclusionThe increased risk of haemorrhage associated with comorbidity must be taken into account when assessing patients prior to cholecystectomy. Perioperative bleeding increases post-operative mortality and is associated with an increased risk of bile duct injury.
Highlights
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has since its introduction in the 1990s become the golden standard for the surgical treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease
Background The purpose of the present study was to analyse the impact of patient-related risk factors and medication drugs on haemorrhagic complications following cholecystectomy
All cholecystectomies registered in the Swedish population-based Register for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks) were identified
Summary
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has since its introduction in the 1990s become the golden standard for the surgical treatment of symptomatic gallstone disease. In. Sweden, about 13,000 cholecystectomies are performed each year of which 90% are performed with laparoscopic technique [1]. In LC, bile duct injuries and haemorrhage are the most feared complications. Major haemorrhage is a rare event (0.08–0.25%) and is most often caused by injury to the right hepatic artery or inadvertent placement of a trocar in the aorta or vena cava [2,3,4]. Haemorrhage from small vessels complicates the surgical procedure, increases the risk of. The purpose of the present study was to analyse the impact of patient-related risk factors and medication drugs on haemorrhagic complications following cholecystectomy
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