Abstract
The type of cell-mediated responses expressed at the early stages of HBV infection can influence the subsequent outcome of hepatitis B. Indeed, recovery is associated with efficient activation of mechanisms of the innate immunity, which seem to be responsible for the early inhibition of viral replication. A subsequent activation of HBV-specific T cells is probably crucial to complement the effect of the innate immunity and to allow complete control of virus replication. Moreover, control of infection cannot be achieved without rapid and efficient development of anti-envelope neutralizing antibody responses that are needed for elimination of free viral particles and inhibition of cell to cell spread of the virus.
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